What are the Pros and Cons of NexGard for Dogs?
NexGard is a popular flea and tick preventative for dogs, offering convenient monthly protection. However, understanding both its benefits and potential drawbacks is crucial for making an informed decision about your dog’s health.
Introduction to NexGard
NexGard (afoxolaner) is a chewable, beef-flavored medication designed to protect dogs against fleas and ticks. It belongs to a class of drugs called isoxazolines, which work by interfering with the nervous system of these parasites, leading to their paralysis and death. Since its introduction, NexGard has become a widely used and generally well-tolerated option for parasite control in dogs. However, like all medications, it’s essential to be aware of its potential advantages and disadvantages before administering it to your pet. The decision of whether to use NexGard should always involve a discussion with your veterinarian.
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Benefits of NexGard
NexGard offers several compelling benefits for dog owners looking for effective flea and tick control:
- Broad-Spectrum Protection: NexGard is effective against multiple species of fleas and ticks, including Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick), Amblyomma americanum (lone star tick), Rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick), Ixodes scapularis (deer tick, responsible for Lyme disease), and Ctenocephalides felis (cat flea, the most common flea affecting dogs).
- Convenient Administration: The chewable tablet is easily administered and palatable for most dogs, eliminating the need for messy topical applications.
- Monthly Dosing: A single dose provides protection for a full month, simplifying the parasite prevention routine.
- Systemic Action: Because NexGard is ingested, it works systemically, killing fleas and ticks that bite your dog, regardless of hair length or bathing frequency. This is different from topical treatments that can wash off.
- Fast Acting: NexGard starts killing fleas within hours of administration.
Potential Drawbacks and Side Effects
While NexGard is generally considered safe, some potential drawbacks and side effects need to be considered:
- Neurological Concerns: Isoxazoline drugs like afoxolaner have been linked to neurological adverse reactions, including muscle tremors, ataxia (loss of coordination), and seizures, especially in dogs with a pre-existing seizure history. It is crucial to discuss your dog’s medical history with your veterinarian.
- Gastrointestinal Upset: Some dogs may experience mild gastrointestinal upset, such as vomiting, diarrhea, or decreased appetite.
- Skin Reactions: Although rare, some dogs may develop skin reactions like redness, itching, or hives.
- Potential for Drug Interactions: It’s important to inform your veterinarian about all medications and supplements your dog is taking, as NexGard may interact with certain drugs.
- Not Effective Against All Parasites: NexGard is effective against fleas and ticks but does not protect against heartworms or intestinal parasites. A comprehensive parasite prevention program may require additional medications.
- Cost: NexGard can be more expensive than some topical flea and tick treatments.
How NexGard Works
NexGard’s active ingredient, afoxolaner, is an isoxazoline insecticide. After ingestion, afoxolaner is absorbed into the bloodstream. When fleas and ticks bite the dog, they ingest the afoxolaner. The drug then blocks chloride channels in the parasite’s nervous system, leading to hyperexcitation, paralysis, and death. This systemic action means the parasite must bite the dog to be affected.
Considerations Before Using NexGard
Before starting your dog on NexGard, consider the following:
- Age and Weight: NexGard is approved for use in puppies as young as 8 weeks of age and weighing at least 4 pounds.
- Medical History: Disclose any pre-existing conditions, especially neurological problems, to your veterinarian.
- Other Medications: Inform your veterinarian about all medications and supplements your dog is currently taking.
- Lifestyle: Consider your dog’s exposure risk to fleas and ticks. High-risk dogs, such as those who spend a lot of time outdoors or live in areas with high tick populations, may benefit more from NexGard.
Alternatives to NexGard
If NexGard is not suitable for your dog, several alternative flea and tick preventatives are available:
- Topical Treatments: These include spot-on solutions like Frontline, Advantage, and Revolution, which are applied directly to the skin.
- Other Oral Medications: Other isoxazoline medications, such as Bravecto and Simparica, offer similar protection to NexGard.
- Flea and Tick Collars: Collars like Seresto provide long-lasting protection against fleas and ticks.
- Natural Remedies: While less effective, some dog owners opt for natural remedies like diatomaceous earth or essential oils. Consult with your veterinarian before relying solely on natural treatments.
Comparing NexGard to Other Flea and Tick Medications
| Feature | NexGard | Topical Treatments (e.g., Frontline) | Flea and Tick Collars (e.g., Seresto) |
|---|---|---|---|
| —————- | ——————————————- | ————————————– | ————————————– |
| Administration | Oral Chewable | Topical Application | Worn Around Neck |
| Active Ingredient | Afoxolaner | Fipronil, Imidacloprid, etc. | Flumethrin, Imidacloprid |
| Systemic/Topical | Systemic | Topical | Topical |
| Duration | 30 days | 30 days | Up to 8 months |
| Pros | Easy to administer, fast acting | Less expensive for some breeds, widely available | Long-lasting protection |
| Cons | Potential neurological side effects | Can be washed off, less effective in some dogs | Can cause skin irritation, choking hazard |
Understanding the risks associated with Isoxazolines
Isoxazoline drugs, including afoxolaner (NexGard), have been associated with neurological adverse reactions in some dogs. These reactions can range from mild muscle tremors to more severe ataxia and seizures. While the risk is relatively low, it’s crucial to be aware of the potential and to discuss your dog’s risk factors with your veterinarian. Dogs with a history of seizures or neurological problems may be at a higher risk.
Importance of Consulting with a Veterinarian
The decision of whether to use NexGard, or any flea and tick preventative, should always be made in consultation with your veterinarian. Your veterinarian can assess your dog’s individual risk factors, medical history, and lifestyle to determine the best and safest parasite prevention plan.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the active ingredient in NexGard?
The active ingredient in NexGard is afoxolaner, which belongs to the isoxazoline class of parasiticides. This ingredient disrupts the nervous system of fleas and ticks, leading to their paralysis and death.
Is NexGard safe for all dogs?
While generally safe, NexGard isn’t suitable for every dog. Dogs with a history of seizures or neurological problems may be at higher risk of adverse reactions. It’s also important to use the correct dosage based on your dog’s weight. Always consult your veterinarian before starting NexGard.
How quickly does NexGard start working?
NexGard starts killing fleas within hours of administration. Studies have shown significant flea reduction within 24 hours. It also effectively controls ticks, providing protection for a full month.
Can NexGard cause seizures in dogs?
Yes, isoxazoline drugs like afoxolaner (NexGard) have been associated with seizures in some dogs. The FDA has issued warnings about this potential risk. Discuss any concerns with your veterinarian.
What should I do if my dog has a reaction to NexGard?
If your dog experiences any adverse reactions after taking NexGard, such as vomiting, diarrhea, tremors, or seizures, contact your veterinarian immediately.
Is NexGard effective against heartworms?
No, NexGard is not effective against heartworms. You will need a separate heartworm preventative medication to protect your dog from this deadly parasite.
How often should I give my dog NexGard?
NexGard is a monthly chewable tablet. You should administer it once a month, preferably on the same day each month, to maintain continuous protection against fleas and ticks.
Can I use NexGard on my cat?
No, NexGard is specifically formulated for dogs and is not safe for cats. Using it on a cat can cause serious health problems. Consult your veterinarian for appropriate flea and tick preventatives for cats.
Does NexGard require a prescription?
Yes, NexGard requires a prescription from a licensed veterinarian. This ensures that your dog is evaluated for suitability and that you receive the correct dosage.
How much does NexGard cost?
The cost of NexGard varies depending on the size of your dog and the quantity purchased. On average, it costs between $20 to $30 per dose.
Can I bathe my dog after giving NexGard?
Yes, bathing your dog after giving NexGard will not affect its effectiveness. Since NexGard works systemically, it is not washed off by bathing.
Where can I buy NexGard?
You can purchase NexGard from your veterinarian’s office or from online pharmacies with a valid prescription from your veterinarian.