How to Spread Diatomaceous Earth in House? A Comprehensive Guide
Spreading diatomaceous earth (DE) effectively in your house involves strategic application in areas where pests are likely to harbor or travel, utilizing appropriate safety precautions, and selecting the correct type of DE. This guide will walk you through the process, offering practical tips and answering frequently asked questions to ensure successful pest control.
Understanding Diatomaceous Earth
Diatomaceous earth is a naturally occurring, sedimentary rock composed of fossilized remains of diatoms, a type of hard-shelled algae. When ground into a fine powder, it becomes a potent insecticide due to its abrasive properties. The microscopic particles scratch the exoskeletons of insects, leading to dehydration and ultimately, death. Crucially, only food-grade diatomaceous earth should be used inside homes, as other types can be harmful.
Choosing the Right Diatomaceous Earth
- Food-grade DE: This is the only type safe for use in and around homes with pets and children. It has been purified and contains minimal crystalline silica.
- Pool-grade DE: Never use pool-grade DE indoors. It contains high levels of crystalline silica, which is a known carcinogen when inhaled.
- Garden-grade DE: While generally considered safe for outdoor use, check the label carefully to ensure it’s food-grade before bringing it inside.
Identifying Target Areas
Effective DE application begins with identifying areas where pests are likely to reside. Common hotspots include:
- Cracks and crevices: Along baseboards, window frames, and door frames.
- Under appliances: Refrigerators, ovens, dishwashers, and washing machines.
- Behind furniture: Sofas, beds, and dressers.
- Pet areas: Around pet beds, food bowls, and litter boxes.
- Entry points: Around pipes, electrical outlets, and vents.
- Pantry and food storage areas: Where insects can access food sources.
Preparation is Key
Before applying DE, thorough cleaning is essential. Vacuum target areas to remove existing pests, dust, and debris. This allows the DE to adhere more effectively to surfaces and insect exoskeletons. Seal any visible cracks or holes with caulk or sealant to prevent pests from entering your home.
Application Techniques
The key to successful DE application lies in using a light, even dusting. Too much DE can deter pests and make cleaning more difficult.
- Duster Applicator: A duster applicator is the best tool for applying DE in hard-to-reach areas like cracks and crevices. Fill the duster with a small amount of DE and gently puff it into the targeted locations.
- Spoon or Brush: For larger areas, you can use a spoon or brush to spread a thin layer of DE. Be careful not to create piles of dust.
- Wet Application: DE can also be mixed with water to create a slurry. Apply the slurry to surfaces with a brush or sponge. As the water evaporates, it leaves behind a thin layer of DE. This is especially useful for treating porous surfaces.
Safety Precautions
While food-grade DE is relatively safe, it’s still important to take precautions:
- Wear a dust mask: DE can irritate the lungs if inhaled, so wearing a dust mask is crucial, especially during application.
- Wear gloves: DE can dry out the skin, so wearing gloves is recommended.
- Avoid direct contact with eyes: If DE gets in your eyes, flush them with water for several minutes.
- Keep children and pets away: While food-grade DE is safe, it’s best to keep children and pets away from treated areas until the dust settles.
- Ventilate the area: Ensure good ventilation during and after application.
Post-Application Management
After applying DE, allow it to sit undisturbed for at least 72 hours. Avoid vacuuming or wiping treated areas during this time. After 72 hours, you can vacuum up any excess DE. Reapply as needed until the pest problem is resolved. Regular monitoring of treated areas is recommended to ensure effectiveness.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
FAQ 1: How much diatomaceous earth should I use?
Less is more. A thin, barely visible layer is all that’s needed. Piling up DE can actually deter pests. The goal is for insects to crawl through the fine dust, not walk around a mountain of it.
FAQ 2: How long does it take for diatomaceous earth to kill pests?
DE typically kills insects within 24-72 hours of contact. However, it may take several days or weeks to completely eliminate a pest infestation. Persistence is key.
FAQ 3: Is diatomaceous earth safe for pets?
Food-grade diatomaceous earth is generally considered safe for pets when used correctly. It can even be used to control fleas on pets, but consult with your veterinarian first. Always avoid inhaling the dust.
FAQ 4: Can I use diatomaceous earth on my mattress to kill bed bugs?
Yes, DE can be effective against bed bugs. Thoroughly vacuum the mattress and apply a thin layer of DE to the seams, tufts, and around the bed frame. Reapply after vacuuming. Bed bug infestations can be challenging, so consider professional help if the problem persists.
FAQ 5: Does diatomaceous earth work on cockroaches?
Yes, DE is effective against cockroaches. Focus on applying it in areas where cockroaches are likely to travel, such as under sinks, behind appliances, and along baseboards.
FAQ 6: Will diatomaceous earth kill ants?
Yes, DE is effective against ants. Follow ant trails to their entry points and apply DE directly to the trail and surrounding areas.
FAQ 7: How often should I reapply diatomaceous earth?
Reapply DE as needed, typically every 1-2 weeks, or after vacuuming or cleaning treated areas. Monitor the areas for pest activity and reapply if you see new signs of infestation.
FAQ 8: Can diatomaceous earth be used in the garden?
Yes, food-grade DE is safe and effective for controlling pests in the garden. Apply it to plants and soil to control aphids, slugs, and other garden pests. Avoid applying it during pollination, as it can harm beneficial insects like bees.
FAQ 9: What if I accidentally inhaled diatomaceous earth?
If you accidentally inhale a small amount of DE, it’s unlikely to cause serious harm. However, it can irritate the lungs. Drink plenty of water and avoid further exposure. If you experience difficulty breathing or other symptoms, seek medical attention.
FAQ 10: Is diatomaceous earth effective against all types of insects?
DE is effective against many crawling insects, including ants, cockroaches, bed bugs, fleas, and silverfish. It is less effective against flying insects.
FAQ 11: How should I store diatomaceous earth?
Store DE in a dry, airtight container in a cool, dark place. This will prevent it from absorbing moisture and clumping.
FAQ 12: Where can I buy food-grade diatomaceous earth?
Food-grade DE can be purchased at most garden supply stores, hardware stores, and online retailers. Be sure to check the label to ensure that it is specifically labeled as “food-grade.”
By understanding the properties of diatomaceous earth, identifying target areas, and following proper application techniques and safety precautions, you can effectively use DE to control pests in your home. Remember that consistency and persistence are crucial for success.