How to Spread Diatomaceous Earth Around Your House: A Comprehensive Guide
Diatomaceous earth (DE) is a powerful, natural pest control agent made from the fossilized remains of diatoms. Applying it effectively around your house creates a barrier against crawling insects and offers a non-toxic alternative to chemical pesticides.
Understanding Diatomaceous Earth
What is Diatomaceous Earth?
DE is a sedimentary rock composed of the silica shells of single-celled algae called diatoms. When these diatoms die, their skeletons accumulate over time, forming deposits that are then mined and processed into a fine powder. There are two main types: food-grade DE, safe for consumption by humans and animals, and filter-grade DE, used for industrial purposes like filtration in swimming pools. Only food-grade DE should be used around your house for pest control.
Why Use Diatomaceous Earth?
The effectiveness of DE as a pest control method stems from its abrasive and absorbent properties. When insects come into contact with DE, the tiny, sharp edges of the diatom shells scratch and damage their exoskeletons. This disruption leads to dehydration and, ultimately, death. It’s effective against a wide range of crawling insects, including ants, cockroaches, fleas, bed bugs, silverfish, and dust mites.
Where to Spread Diatomaceous Earth
The key to successful DE application is targeting areas where pests are likely to be present or to enter your home. Here are some crucial spots:
- Perimeter of the House: Create a barrier around the foundation to prevent pests from crawling inside.
- Entry Points: Focus on doorways, windowsills, and any cracks or crevices in walls or floors.
- Problem Areas: Apply DE in areas where you’ve noticed pest activity, such as kitchens, bathrooms, and basements.
- Pet Areas: If you have pets, sprinkle DE in their sleeping areas to control fleas. Be sure to use food-grade DE.
- Gardens: Use it around plants susceptible to insect damage, taking care not to apply it directly to flowering plants if you want to attract pollinators.
How to Apply Diatomaceous Earth Correctly
The application method significantly impacts DE’s effectiveness. Avoid creating dust clouds and focus on thin, even layers.
Tools for Application
- Duster: A bulb duster or bellows duster allows for precise application in cracks and crevices.
- Spoon or Brush: For larger areas, a spoon or paintbrush can be used to spread a thin layer.
- Shaker: A shaker container, like a repurposed spice container, can be useful for dusting surfaces evenly.
- Mask and Gloves: Although food-grade DE is generally safe, it can irritate the respiratory system and skin. Wearing a mask and gloves during application is recommended.
Step-by-Step Application Guide
- Prepare the area: Clean the area you intend to treat by removing debris and dust. This will help the DE adhere better.
- Apply a thin layer: The key is to apply a very thin, almost invisible layer of DE. A thick layer will not be more effective and can actually deter insects. Think of it as creating a fine dust that pests will unknowingly walk through.
- Focus on cracks and crevices: Use a duster to puff DE into cracks in walls, floors, and around pipes.
- Reapply as needed: DE is most effective when dry. Reapply after rain or cleaning.
- Vacuum excess DE: After a week or two, vacuum up any excess DE. The pests should already be controlled.
Important Safety Precautions
While food-grade DE is considered safe, it’s essential to take precautions during application.
- Always wear a mask: DE can irritate the lungs if inhaled. A simple dust mask is sufficient.
- Wear gloves: DE can dry out the skin. Gloves will protect your hands.
- Keep out of reach of children and pets during application: Once settled, DE is generally safe, but it’s best to keep children and pets away during the application process.
- Avoid getting DE in your eyes: If DE gets in your eyes, rinse thoroughly with water.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Diatomaceous Earth
FAQ 1: Is Diatomaceous Earth Safe for Pets?
Yes, food-grade diatomaceous earth is generally safe for pets when used correctly. You can sprinkle it on their bedding to control fleas. However, avoid getting it in their eyes, nose, or mouth, as it can be irritating. Always consult with your veterinarian before using DE on your pets, especially if they have pre-existing health conditions.
FAQ 2: How Long Does it Take for Diatomaceous Earth to Kill Insects?
The time it takes for DE to kill insects depends on the type of insect and the extent of exposure. In general, it can take anywhere from a few hours to several days for DE to be effective. The insect needs to come into contact with the DE and have its exoskeleton damaged.
FAQ 3: Will Diatomaceous Earth Kill Bed Bugs?
Yes, diatomaceous earth can be an effective treatment for bed bugs. Apply a thin layer to areas where bed bugs are likely to hide, such as around bed frames, mattresses, and baseboards. Regular application and vacuuming are crucial for successful bed bug control.
FAQ 4: Does Diatomaceous Earth Work on Cockroaches?
Absolutely. DE is a potent weapon against cockroaches. Focus on applying it in cracks, crevices, and under appliances, where cockroaches often reside. Persistence is key, as cockroaches can be resilient.
FAQ 5: Can I Use Diatomaceous Earth Outdoors in the Rain?
DE is less effective when wet. Rain will wash away DE, reducing its ability to kill insects. Reapplication is necessary after rain or heavy watering.
FAQ 6: How Often Should I Reapply Diatomaceous Earth?
Reapply DE as needed, typically every few weeks or after it gets wet or disturbed. Monitor the treated areas for pest activity and reapply if you notice an increase.
FAQ 7: Can Diatomaceous Earth Be Used in the Garden?
Yes, DE is a popular organic gardening tool. It can be used to control a variety of garden pests, such as aphids, slugs, and caterpillars. Be careful to avoid applying it directly to flowering plants to protect pollinators.
FAQ 8: Will Diatomaceous Earth Kill Beneficial Insects?
Unfortunately, DE does not discriminate between beneficial and harmful insects. It will kill any insect that comes into contact with it. Therefore, use it judiciously and avoid applying it in areas where beneficial insects are likely to be present.
FAQ 9: What’s the Difference Between Food-Grade and Filter-Grade Diatomaceous Earth?
Food-grade DE is safe for human and animal consumption and is used for pest control. Filter-grade DE is used for industrial purposes, such as filtration, and is not safe to ingest. Only use food-grade DE around your house and pets.
FAQ 10: Where Can I Buy Diatomaceous Earth?
Diatomaceous earth, specifically food-grade, is widely available. You can find it at garden centers, hardware stores, pet supply stores, and online retailers. Always ensure you are purchasing food-grade DE for pest control purposes.
FAQ 11: Is Diatomaceous Earth Effective Against Dust Mites?
Yes, DE can help control dust mites when applied to mattresses, carpets, and upholstery. Vacuum thoroughly after a few days to remove dead mites and excess DE.
FAQ 12: Can Diatomaceous Earth Irritate the Lungs?
Yes, inhaling DE can irritate the lungs. That’s why it’s crucial to wear a dust mask during application and avoid creating excessive dust clouds.