How Do You Fix a Radon Problem?

Fixing a radon problem primarily involves reducing the amount of radon entering your home. The most effective method is radon mitigation, typically achieved by installing a radon reduction system that vents radon gas safely outside. This article explores the various methods, their effectiveness, and answers frequently asked questions to help you understand and address radon risks in your home.

Understanding the Problem: Radon and Your Home

Radon is a naturally occurring, colorless, odorless, and radioactive gas produced by the decay of uranium in soil, rock, and water. It seeps into homes through cracks in foundations, walls, and floors, as well as through gaps around pipes and other service entrances. Prolonged exposure to high radon levels significantly increases the risk of lung cancer. The EPA recommends taking action if radon levels are at or above 4 pCi/L (picocuries per liter).

The Importance of Testing

Before you can fix a radon problem, you need to identify it. Radon testing is the only way to determine the radon levels in your home. Short-term tests (2-7 days) provide quick results, while long-term tests (over 90 days) offer a more accurate average of radon levels. You can purchase DIY testing kits or hire a certified radon measurement professional. Choosing a certified professional often ensures accurate and reliable results.

Common Radon Mitigation Methods

Various methods can reduce radon levels in your home. The most effective and widely used technique is soil suction, which involves creating a vacuum under your foundation to draw radon gas up and away from the house.

Active Soil Depressurization (ASD)

ASD is the most common and effective radon mitigation method. It involves installing a PVC pipe that extends from beneath the basement floor or crawl space up through the house to a vent above the roofline. A fan connected to the pipe creates suction, drawing radon gas from under the foundation and venting it safely outside. ASD systems typically reduce radon levels by 50% to 99%.

There are variations of ASD including:

• Subslab Depressurization: Used for homes with concrete slab foundations.
• Drain-Tile Depressurization: Used for homes with drain tiles around the foundation.
• Crawlspace Depressurization: Used for homes with crawl spaces.

Sealing Cracks and Openings

Sealing cracks and other openings in your foundation can help reduce radon entry, but it’s not a standalone solution for high radon levels. It’s best used in conjunction with other mitigation techniques. Sealing is typically done using caulk, expanding foam, or other appropriate sealants.

Natural Ventilation

Increasing ventilation in your home can temporarily lower radon levels, but it’s not a reliable long-term solution. Opening windows and using fans can dilute the concentration of radon gas, but this method is often impractical, especially during extreme weather conditions.

Home Pressurization

This method involves using a fan to create positive pressure inside the house, preventing radon from being drawn in. However, it’s not a commonly used method because it can increase energy costs and may not be as effective as soil suction.

Choosing a Radon Mitigation Professional

Selecting a qualified radon mitigation professional is crucial for ensuring the job is done correctly and effectively. Look for contractors who are certified by the National Radon Proficiency Program (NRPP) or the American Association of Radon Scientists and Technologists (AARST). Ask for references and check their credentials before hiring. A reputable contractor will provide a detailed plan of the proposed mitigation system and a warranty on their work.

Radon Mitigation System Maintenance

Once a radon mitigation system is installed, it’s important to maintain it to ensure its continued effectiveness. This includes:

• Regularly checking the fan to ensure it’s operating properly.
• Monitoring radon levels after installation and periodically thereafter.
• Addressing any issues promptly, such as fan malfunctions or cracks in the foundation.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Radon Mitigation

Here are some frequently asked questions to further your understanding of radon and radon mitigation:

1. How much does radon mitigation cost?

The cost of radon mitigation varies depending on the type of system installed, the size of your home, and the complexity of the job. Generally, expect to pay between $800 and $2500. Get multiple quotes from certified professionals to compare prices.

2. How long does it take to install a radon mitigation system?

Most radon mitigation systems can be installed in one day. The process typically involves drilling holes, installing piping, and connecting the fan.

3. Will a radon mitigation system affect my home’s resale value?

Installing a radon mitigation system can actually increase your home’s resale value. It demonstrates that you’ve taken steps to address a potential health hazard, making your home more attractive to buyers. Disclosure laws in many states require sellers to disclose known radon levels to potential buyers.

4. How do I know if my radon mitigation system is working?

The best way to ensure your system is working is to retest your home for radon after installation. A certified radon measurement professional can conduct a post-mitigation test to verify the system’s effectiveness.

5. What if my radon levels are still high after mitigation?

If radon levels remain high after mitigation, contact your mitigation contractor immediately. They may need to adjust the system or make repairs. In some cases, additional mitigation measures may be required.

6. Does radon only affect basements?

While radon is most concentrated in basements because it enters the home from the soil, it can affect all levels of a home. Radon gas can rise through the house due to air currents and pressure differences.

7. Can I install a radon mitigation system myself?

While DIY radon mitigation systems are available, it is highly recommended to hire a certified professional. Proper installation requires specialized knowledge and equipment to ensure the system is effective and safe. Incorrect installation can lead to further problems.

8. Are there any long-term health risks associated with radon mitigation systems?

Radon mitigation systems themselves do not pose any significant long-term health risks. However, ensuring the system is properly maintained and functioning correctly is crucial to protect against radon exposure.

9. Does sealing my basement prevent radon entry?

Sealing cracks and openings in your basement can help reduce radon entry, but it is rarely sufficient as a standalone solution. Radon can still enter through porous concrete and other unseen pathways. It’s best used as part of a comprehensive mitigation strategy.

10. Are new homes less likely to have radon problems?

New homes are not necessarily immune to radon problems. While some new construction includes radon-resistant features, it’s still essential to test for radon regardless of the age of the home.

11. What is radon-resistant new construction (RRNC)?

RRNC techniques involve incorporating features into new homes that help prevent radon from entering. These features often include a gravel layer beneath the slab, a vapor barrier, and a capped vent pipe that can be easily connected to a fan if radon levels are high.

12. Where can I find a certified radon professional?

You can find a certified radon professional through the National Radon Proficiency Program (NRPP) or the American Association of Radon Scientists and Technologists (AARST) websites. They offer directories of certified professionals in your area.

By understanding the risks of radon and taking appropriate mitigation measures, you can significantly reduce your exposure and protect your health. Remember to test your home regularly and consult with a certified professional for the best course of action.