When Did New River Gorge Become A National Park?

The New River Gorge officially became a National Park on December 27, 2020, as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021. This designation marked a significant transition from its previous status as a National River, ushering in a new era of conservation, recreation, and economic opportunity for the region.

A Journey from River to Park

The journey to becoming a National Park was a decades-long effort, fueled by the dedication of local communities, conservation organizations, and political leaders. Understanding this evolution requires looking back at the history of the New River Gorge and the factors that ultimately led to its reclassification.

The Significance of the New River

The New River, despite its name, is one of the oldest rivers in North America, carving its way through the Appalachian Mountains for millions of years. Its unique geology, biodiversity, and stunning scenery made it a prime candidate for federal protection. Originally designated as a National River in 1978, the New River Gorge National River protected a significant portion of the river and its surrounding gorge.

Why the Change?

The designation as a National River, while protective, had limitations. Funding for park maintenance and development remained constrained, and the ability to attract national attention and tourism was perceived to be hindered. The movement to elevate the area to National Park status gained momentum, driven by the potential for increased economic benefits, enhanced conservation efforts, and a more prominent national profile. The shift acknowledges the area’s value beyond simply a river; it’s recognition of the rich history, cultural heritage, and unparalleled recreational opportunities of the entire New River Gorge National Park and Preserve.

FAQs: Unveiling the Details

Here are some frequently asked questions that provide a deeper understanding of the New River Gorge National Park and Preserve:

What exactly changed with the National Park designation?

The change from National River to National Park and Preserve brought about several key differences. First, the designation as a National Park enhances the area’s national recognition and prestige, potentially attracting more visitors and boosting the local economy. Second, the reclassification allowed for the expansion of protected areas, including the addition of a 10,000-acre preserve where hunting is permitted. Third, it opened doors to potentially increased federal funding for park maintenance, infrastructure improvements, and visitor services. Finally, the designation elevates the area’s conservation priority, providing a stronger platform for protecting its unique natural and cultural resources.

What is the “Preserve” part of “New River Gorge National Park and Preserve?”

The “Preserve” portion designates approximately 10,000 acres where hunting is permitted, a key concession to local hunters and a demonstration of the park service’s commitment to balancing conservation with traditional uses of the land. This reflects a compromise reached to ensure broader community support for the National Park designation.

How will the National Park status affect the local economy?

The expectation is that the National Park designation will significantly boost the local economy by attracting more tourists. Increased tourism translates to more spending in local businesses, including restaurants, hotels, outfitters, and shops. This, in turn, can create more jobs and opportunities for local residents. Studies conducted prior to the designation predicted substantial economic benefits, and initial indications suggest those predictions are proving accurate.

What are some of the activities available in the New River Gorge National Park and Preserve?

The New River Gorge National Park and Preserve offers a wide range of activities, catering to diverse interests and skill levels. These include:

• Whitewater rafting and kayaking: The New River is world-renowned for its challenging and thrilling whitewater rapids.
• Rock climbing: The gorge boasts some of the best sandstone climbing in the eastern United States.
• Hiking: Numerous trails offer stunning views of the gorge and access to waterfalls, forests, and historical sites.
• Biking: Both road cycling and mountain biking are popular activities in the area.
• Fishing: The New River is home to a variety of fish species, making it a popular destination for anglers.
• Camping: Several campgrounds are located within the park and preserve.
• Bridge Day: An annual festival held on the third Saturday of October, featuring BASE jumping and rappelling off the New River Gorge Bridge.

Is the New River Gorge Bridge still open to traffic?

Yes, the New River Gorge Bridge remains open to traffic. The bridge is a vital transportation artery, carrying US Route 19 across the gorge. The National Park designation has not affected the bridge’s function as a transportation corridor.

Will there be more regulations as a National Park?

While the National Park designation does bring some new regulations, the focus is on protecting the park’s resources and ensuring a safe and enjoyable experience for visitors. These regulations may include rules regarding camping, fishing, hunting (in the preserve areas), and the use of motorized vehicles. However, the National Park Service aims to work collaboratively with local communities to implement regulations that are both effective and reasonable.

How has the increase in tourism affected the area?

The increase in tourism has brought both positive and negative impacts. Positively, it has stimulated the local economy, created jobs, and brought more attention to the area’s natural beauty and cultural heritage. Negatively, it has also put a strain on local infrastructure, increased traffic congestion, and raised concerns about the potential for environmental degradation. The National Park Service is working to manage these impacts by investing in infrastructure improvements, promoting sustainable tourism practices, and educating visitors about responsible recreation.

What kinds of wildlife can be found in the New River Gorge?

The New River Gorge is home to a diverse array of wildlife, including:

• Mammals: Black bears, white-tailed deer, bobcats, foxes, raccoons, and various rodents.
• Birds: Hawks, eagles, owls, woodpeckers, warblers, and numerous songbirds.
• Reptiles and amphibians: Snakes, lizards, turtles, salamanders, and frogs.
• Fish: Bass, trout, catfish, and other native species.

What is the history of the New River Gorge Bridge?

The New River Gorge Bridge, completed in 1977, is an engineering marvel and a symbol of the region. It was, at the time of its construction, the world’s longest single-span arch bridge. The bridge significantly reduced travel time across the gorge, connecting communities and facilitating economic development. It continues to be a major attraction, drawing visitors from around the world.

Are there any historical sites within the New River Gorge National Park and Preserve?

Yes, the New River Gorge is rich in history, with several historical sites located within the park and preserve. These include:

• Thurmond: A once-thriving coal town that has been preserved as a National Historic Landmark.
• Kaymoor: A former coal mine site that offers insights into the region’s industrial past.
• Abandoned coal mining towns: Numerous remnants of former mining communities are scattered throughout the gorge.

These sites offer valuable insights into the region’s industrial past and the lives of the people who lived and worked in the coalfields.

What are the best times of year to visit New River Gorge National Park and Preserve?

The best time to visit depends on your interests. Spring and fall offer pleasant weather for hiking and other outdoor activities, as well as stunning displays of wildflowers and fall foliage. Summer is the peak season for whitewater rafting and other water-based activities. Winter can be cold and snowy, but it offers opportunities for cross-country skiing and snowshoeing. Bridge Day, held in October, is a major event that attracts thousands of visitors.

How is the National Park Service working to protect the environment of the New River Gorge?

The National Park Service (NPS) is committed to protecting the environment of the New River Gorge through a variety of measures, including:

• Habitat restoration: Restoring degraded habitats to support native plant and animal species.
• Invasive species control: Controlling invasive species that threaten the park’s biodiversity.
• Water quality monitoring: Monitoring water quality to protect aquatic life and ensure safe recreational opportunities.
• Sustainable tourism practices: Promoting sustainable tourism practices to minimize the impact of visitors on the environment.
• Education and outreach: Educating visitors about the importance of conservation and responsible recreation.

By working collaboratively with local communities, conservation organizations, and other stakeholders, the NPS is striving to ensure that the New River Gorge remains a treasured natural and cultural resource for generations to come.