What to Do With Old Gasoline in a Can? A Comprehensive Guide
Old gasoline in a can isn’t something you can just ignore; it can become unusable and even dangerous. The best course of action is to responsibly dispose of it at a hazardous waste collection facility or through a specialized fuel recycling service, while considering options like stabilization with a fuel stabilizer for less severely degraded fuel.
Understanding the Problem: Why Gasoline Goes Bad
Gasoline doesn’t last forever. Over time, it degrades due to oxidation, evaporation of volatile components, and the absorption of moisture. This process leads to the formation of gum and varnish deposits that can clog fuel systems and reduce engine performance. The precise rate of degradation is influenced by factors like storage temperature, container type, and the presence of ethanol.
The Effects of Ethanol
Most gasoline sold in the United States contains ethanol. While ethanol can improve octane and reduce emissions, it also presents unique challenges for long-term storage. Ethanol is hygroscopic, meaning it attracts and absorbs water from the atmosphere. This water can separate from the gasoline, leading to phase separation. Phase separation results in a layer of ethanol and water at the bottom of the container, leaving the gasoline with a reduced octane rating and a potential for corrosion in fuel systems.
Visual Cues and Identifying Bad Gas
How do you know if your gasoline has gone bad? Look for these telltale signs:
- Discoloration: Old gasoline may appear darker or cloudier than fresh gasoline.
- Unpleasant Odor: A sour or varnish-like smell indicates degradation. Fresh gasoline has a distinctive, almost sweet aroma.
- Visible Sediment: The presence of sediment or particles at the bottom of the can suggests the formation of gum and varnish.
Safe Disposal Methods for Old Gasoline
Disposing of old gasoline properly is crucial to protect the environment and prevent potential hazards. Never pour gasoline down drains, into sewers, or onto the ground. These practices can contaminate water sources and pose serious environmental risks.
Hazardous Waste Collection Facilities
The safest and most environmentally responsible method is to take your old gasoline to a hazardous waste collection facility. Most municipalities and counties offer these services, often free of charge or for a small fee. These facilities are equipped to handle hazardous materials safely and dispose of them in accordance with environmental regulations.
Fuel Recycling Services
Some companies specialize in fuel recycling. They can collect and process old gasoline, recovering usable components or converting it into other fuel products. Search online for “fuel recycling near me” to find local providers.
Mixing Small Amounts with Fresh Gasoline (Use with Caution)
If the gasoline is only slightly degraded (relatively fresh, stored properly, and shows no signs of significant degradation), you might be able to mix it with fresh gasoline in your vehicle’s fuel tank. However, proceed with extreme caution. Only mix small amounts (no more than 1 part old gasoline to 4 parts fresh gasoline) and only in vehicles with robust fuel systems and relatively high fuel consumption. Avoid using this method with sensitive engines, such as those in small equipment or high-performance vehicles. This option should be a last resort and is not recommended for significantly degraded fuel.
Prevention is Key: Storing Gasoline Properly
Preventing gasoline from going bad in the first place is the most effective strategy. Here are some tips for proper storage:
Use an Approved Container
Always store gasoline in a container specifically designed for gasoline. These containers are typically red, made of durable plastic or metal, and equipped with a tight-fitting cap to prevent leaks and evaporation.
Add a Fuel Stabilizer
Fuel stabilizers are chemical additives that help prevent the degradation of gasoline by inhibiting oxidation and preventing the formation of gum and varnish. Add a fuel stabilizer to your gasoline before storing it for extended periods, following the manufacturer’s instructions.
Store in a Cool, Dry Place
Store gasoline in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Avoid storing gasoline in damp or humid environments, as this can accelerate the absorption of moisture.
Limit Storage Time
Even with proper storage, gasoline will eventually degrade. As a general rule, aim to use gasoline within six to twelve months of purchase. Label the container with the date of purchase to help you keep track.
FAQs About Old Gasoline
Here are some frequently asked questions to provide even more clarity and practical advice:
FAQ 1: Can I use old gasoline in my lawnmower?
Potentially, if it’s only slightly degraded. However, small engines like those in lawnmowers are more sensitive to fuel quality. If in doubt, it’s better to use fresh gasoline or properly dispose of the old gasoline. Using significantly degraded fuel can damage the engine.
FAQ 2: What happens if I put bad gasoline in my car?
The effects can range from reduced engine performance and poor fuel economy to more serious problems like clogged fuel injectors and engine damage. Knocking and pinging are also common symptoms. In severe cases, it can lead to costly repairs.
FAQ 3: How does temperature affect gasoline storage?
High temperatures accelerate the degradation process. Storing gasoline in a hot garage or shed will significantly shorten its lifespan.
FAQ 4: Can I mix different grades of gasoline?
Yes, you can generally mix different grades of gasoline (e.g., regular and premium). However, you won’t necessarily achieve a true intermediate octane rating. The resulting octane will be closer to the higher-octane fuel.
FAQ 5: Is it safe to store gasoline in my basement?
No. It is strongly advised against storing gasoline in a basement. Basements often have poor ventilation, and gasoline vapors can accumulate, creating a fire hazard.
FAQ 6: How long does fuel stabilizer keep gasoline fresh?
Fuel stabilizers can extend the lifespan of gasoline for up to 24 months, sometimes longer, depending on the product and storage conditions. Refer to the manufacturer’s instructions.
FAQ 7: What are the environmental risks of improper gasoline disposal?
Improper disposal can contaminate soil and groundwater, harming wildlife and potentially impacting human health. Gasoline contains harmful chemicals that can persist in the environment for extended periods.
FAQ 8: Can I drain old gasoline from a fuel tank and reuse it later?
Draining old gasoline isn’t the same as fixing the underlying fuel degradation. The drained fuel will still be degraded. As stated previously, if the gasoline has been drained, it is best to properly dispose of it, instead of reusing it.
FAQ 9: What should I do if I accidentally spill gasoline?
If you spill gasoline, immediately stop the source of the spill. Absorb the gasoline with absorbent materials like kitty litter, sand, or paper towels. Properly dispose of the contaminated absorbent materials as hazardous waste. Ensure adequate ventilation to prevent vapor buildup.
FAQ 10: Are there alternatives to gasoline for small engines?
Yes, alternative fuels like propane and electric power are becoming increasingly popular for small engines. These options can offer lower emissions and reduced maintenance.
FAQ 11: Where can I find a local hazardous waste collection facility?
Contact your local city or county government, or search online for “hazardous waste disposal near me”. Many municipalities have websites with information on waste disposal services.
FAQ 12: How much does it cost to dispose of old gasoline?
The cost varies depending on your location and the disposal method. Many hazardous waste collection facilities offer free disposal for residential quantities. Fuel recycling services may charge a fee based on the volume of gasoline.
By understanding the dangers of old gasoline and following these guidelines, you can ensure the safe and responsible handling and disposal of this potentially hazardous material. Prioritizing prevention and proper disposal is not only good for the environment but also protects your equipment and your well-being.