What to do with a feral cat once caught?

Successfully trapping a feral cat is just the beginning; the next steps are crucial for the cat’s well-being and the success of your efforts. The best course of action after capture is to immediately initiate Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) programs to reduce overpopulation and improve the lives of feral cats.

Understanding Feral Cats and TNR

Feral cats are unsocialized domestic cats who live outdoors and are not comfortable around humans. They are often born in the wild or abandoned and have reverted to a wild state. TNR, or Trap-Neuter-Return, is widely recognized as the most humane and effective method for controlling feral cat populations. It involves trapping feral cats, sterilizing them, vaccinating them against rabies, and then returning them to their original outdoor habitat. This prevents further breeding and reduces problematic behaviors associated with mating, such as fighting and yowling.

Benefits of TNR

Implementing TNR programs offers numerous advantages for both the cats and the community:

Reduces overpopulation: Sterilization prevents further breeding, which is the most effective way to control the feral cat population.
Improves cat health: TNR programs often include vaccinations and treatment for common ailments, leading to healthier cats.
Reduces nuisance behaviors: Sterilized cats exhibit fewer mating behaviors, such as fighting, yowling, and spraying.
Creates more harmonious communities: By reducing population and problem behaviors, TNR can minimize conflicts between feral cats and humans.
Provides a humane solution: TNR avoids the ethical concerns associated with trapping and euthanizing healthy feral cats.

The TNR Process: A Step-by-Step Guide

Here’s a breakdown of the TNR process for what to do with a feral cat once caught:

Contain the Cat: Immediately after trapping, cover the trap with a sheet or towel to reduce the cat’s stress.
Transport to a Veterinarian or Clinic: Contact a veterinarian or a local TNR organization to schedule a spay/neuter appointment. Transport the cat safely in the trap.
Spay/Neuter and Vaccination: The veterinarian will sterilize the cat, vaccinate it against rabies, and may provide other necessary medical care. The cat’s left ear is typically tipped (a small portion of the ear is removed) to indicate it has been sterilized.
Recovery: The cat needs a safe and quiet place to recover from surgery. This can be a garage, shed, or spare room. The recovery period typically lasts 24-48 hours. Provide food, water, and a clean litter box.
Return to Colony: Once the cat has recovered, return it to its original location. Release the cat in a safe area where it has access to food, water, and shelter.
Colony Care: Continued colony care includes providing regular food and water, monitoring the cats’ health, and removing any kittens for fostering and adoption.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

When implementing TNR, avoid these common pitfalls:

Trapping kittens without their mother: Kittens need their mother’s care to survive. Wait until the kittens are weaned (around 8 weeks old) before trapping them and the mother together.
Releasing the cat in an unfamiliar location: Cats are territorial animals and will be stressed and vulnerable if released in a new environment.
Forgetting to ear tip: Ear tipping is essential for identifying sterilized cats and preventing re-trapping.
Neglecting post-operative care: Proper recovery is crucial for the cat’s health and well-being.
Not seeking professional help: Consult with a veterinarian or local TNR organization for guidance and support.

Alternative Options When TNR Isn’t Possible

While TNR is the preferred method, sometimes it’s not feasible. In these rare cases, consider:

Relocation (as a last resort): Only if the cat’s original location is unsafe and uninhabitable. Relocation requires careful planning and preparation. The new location must be suitable for a feral cat, with access to food, water, and shelter. The cat also needs to be acclimated to the new environment before being released.
Euthanasia (only for severely ill or injured cats): This is a last resort option for cats with untreatable medical conditions that cause significant suffering. A veterinarian should make the decision based on the cat’s individual circumstances.
Barn Cat Program: If the cat is unsuitable for indoor living and cannot be returned to its original location, consider a barn cat program. These programs place feral cats in rural settings where they can control rodents and live a relatively independent life.

Resources for TNR

Numerous organizations and resources can help you with TNR:

Alley Cat Allies: A national advocacy organization dedicated to protecting and improving the lives of cats. They offer resources, training, and support for TNR programs.
Local Animal Shelters and Rescue Groups: Many shelters and rescue groups offer TNR services or can connect you with local TNR organizations.
Veterinarians: Find a veterinarian who is experienced in spaying and neutering feral cats.
Online Forums and Communities: Connect with other TNR advocates for advice, support, and resources.

The Ethical Considerations of TNR

TNR is not only a practical solution but also an ethical one. It acknowledges the inherent worth of feral cats and provides a humane alternative to traditional methods like trapping and euthanasia. By sterilizing and vaccinating feral cats, TNR reduces suffering, improves their overall health, and prevents future generations of cats from living on the streets. It’s about creating a compassionate and sustainable solution that benefits both cats and the community.

TNR and Community Involvement

Successful TNR programs require community involvement and support. Educate your neighbors about the benefits of TNR and encourage them to participate. Work together to identify feral cat colonies, trap cats, and provide ongoing care. By working together, you can create a more humane and compassionate community for all.

Ongoing Maintenance of a Feral Colony

Once a colony has been TNR’d, ongoing maintenance is important. Regular feeding and monitoring the health of the cats are crucial. Providing shelter during harsh weather can also improve their quality of life. Addressing any new cats that appear in the colony through further TNR efforts helps maintain a stable and healthy population. This proactive approach ensures the long-term success of the TNR program.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the signs of a feral cat?

Feral cats are typically shy and avoid human contact. They may hiss, spit, or run away when approached. They often live in colonies and are more active at night. Key indicators include an unkempt appearance, possible ear tipping (indicating prior TNR), and evasive behavior around people.

Is it safe to handle a feral cat?

Handling a feral cat directly is generally not safe without proper protective gear. They can bite or scratch if they feel threatened. Always use gloves and a sturdy carrier or trap when handling feral cats. It’s always best to allow the veterinarian or experienced TNR practitioners to handle the cat directly.

Can feral cats be domesticated?

While some feral cats can become socialized with enough time and patience, it’s not always possible or practical. Kittens born to feral cats are more likely to become socialized if they are handled from a young age. Older feral cats may remain fearful of humans and are better suited to living outdoors.

How long should a feral cat recover after surgery?

Feral cats typically need 24-48 hours to recover from spay/neuter surgery. They should be kept in a safe, quiet, and confined space with access to food, water, and a litter box. Monitor them for any signs of complications, such as excessive bleeding or infection.

What should I feed a feral cat?

Feed feral cats a high-quality dry or wet cat food. Provide fresh water at all times. Avoid feeding them milk, as many cats are lactose intolerant. Establish a regular feeding schedule to help them adjust to the routine.

How do I provide shelter for feral cats?

Provide feral cats with outdoor shelters to protect them from the elements. These can be simple DIY shelters made from plastic storage containers or commercially available cat houses. Line the shelters with straw for insulation.

What if a feral cat is injured?

If a feral cat is injured, contact a veterinarian or animal rescue organization immediately. They can provide medical care and assess the cat’s condition. It may be necessary to trap the cat and bring it to the veterinarian for treatment.

How do I know if a feral cat has already been TNR’d?

The most common sign that a feral cat has been TNR’d is an ear tip, which is the removal of a small portion of the left ear. This is a universal symbol that indicates the cat has been sterilized and vaccinated.

What is the cost of TNR?

The cost of TNR varies depending on the location and the services provided. Some organizations offer low-cost or free spay/neuter services for feral cats. Contact your local animal shelter or TNR organization for more information.

What if I find kittens in a feral colony?

If you find kittens in a feral colony, monitor them closely and wait until they are weaned (around 8 weeks old) before trapping them. Trap the mother cat along with the kittens so they can be spayed/neutered and socialized if possible.

Can I keep a feral cat as a pet?

While it’s possible to socialize a feral cat, it requires a significant commitment of time, patience, and resources. Some feral cats may never become fully comfortable with humans and are better suited to living outdoors.

What are the legal considerations of TNR?

Before starting a TNR program, check with your local authorities to ensure it is permitted. Some jurisdictions may have specific regulations or requirements for trapping and releasing feral cats. Adhering to local laws and ordinances is critical.

This detailed guide provides a comprehensive understanding of what to do with a feral cat once caught, emphasizing the importance of TNR and responsible colony management.