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What to Do When a Hurricane Is Coming?

When a hurricane is bearing down, time is of the essence. The most critical actions involve securing your property, preparing an emergency kit, understanding evacuation orders, and staying informed through reliable channels, ultimately prioritizing personal safety above all else.

Preparing Before the Storm: Your Hurricane Action Plan

Proactive preparation is the cornerstone of hurricane survival. Long before a storm threatens, having a well-defined plan in place can significantly reduce stress and improve your chances of weathering the event safely.

Building Your Emergency Kit

A comprehensive emergency kit is non-negotiable. Think beyond basic supplies; consider items you might need for several days without power or access to stores.

Here’s a checklist:

Water: At least one gallon per person per day for several days.
Food: Non-perishable items like canned goods, protein bars, dried fruits, and nuts.
Flashlight: With extra batteries.
First-aid kit: Including necessary medications and a manual.
Battery-powered or hand-crank radio: To receive weather updates.
Cell phone with chargers and a portable power bank.
Cash: ATMs might be unavailable.
Wrench or pliers: To turn off utilities.
Can opener: For canned food.
Local maps: In case GPS is unreliable.
Important documents: Copies of insurance policies, identification, and bank records in a waterproof bag.
Sanitation supplies: Hand sanitizer, moist towelettes, garbage bags, and plastic ties.
Whistle: To signal for help.
Dust mask: To help filter contaminated air.
Considerations for Infants, Children, and Pets: Formula, diapers, toys, pet food, pet carriers, and medications.

Securing Your Home

Protecting your property is essential to minimize damage. Take these steps:

Reinforce windows and doors: Install hurricane shutters or plywood covers. Brace entry doors and garage doors.
Trim trees and shrubs: Remove dead or weak limbs that could fall and cause damage.
Secure outdoor objects: Bring in anything that could be blown away by strong winds, such as patio furniture, trash cans, and grills.
Clean gutters and downspouts: To ensure proper drainage.
Consider flood insurance: Standard homeowners insurance typically doesn’t cover flood damage.
Elevate appliances: If you live in a flood-prone area, raise your furnace, water heater, and electrical panel.
Document your belongings: Take photos or videos of your home and possessions for insurance purposes.

Understanding Evacuation Orders

Heeding evacuation orders is paramount. If authorities tell you to leave, do so promptly and safely.

Know your evacuation route: Familiarize yourself with the designated evacuation routes in your area.
Have a pre-arranged meeting place: Designate a meeting place with family members in case you become separated.
Plan for transportation: Have a plan for how you will evacuate, whether by car, public transportation, or other means.
Take your emergency kit: Bring your emergency kit and important documents with you.

During the Storm: Staying Safe and Informed

Once the hurricane arrives, your focus shifts to staying safe and informed.

Shelter in Place

If you are not under an evacuation order, the safest place to be is indoors, in a sturdy building.

Stay away from windows and doors: Seek shelter in an interior room, closet, or hallway.
Keep informed: Monitor weather updates on a battery-powered radio or through online sources (if available).
Never go outside during the eye of the storm: The storm will resume shortly, and conditions can worsen quickly.

Power Outages and Flooding

Hurricanes often bring power outages and flooding. Be prepared to deal with these challenges.

Use flashlights instead of candles: Candles are a fire hazard.
Unplug appliances: To prevent damage from power surges when the power is restored.
Avoid contact with floodwater: Floodwater can be contaminated with sewage and other harmful substances.
Do not drive through floodwater: The depth of the water can be deceiving, and your car could stall.

After the Storm: Recovery and Assessment

The aftermath of a hurricane can be just as dangerous as the storm itself.

Assessing Damage and Reporting

After the storm passes, carefully assess any damage to your property.

Document damage: Take photos or videos of any damage for insurance purposes.
Report damage to your insurance company: Contact your insurance company as soon as possible to file a claim.
Beware of hazards: Watch out for downed power lines, debris, and structural damage.

Avoiding Hazards

Post-storm hazards can be numerous and often unseen.

Stay away from downed power lines: They can be extremely dangerous.
Be cautious of debris: Watch out for broken glass, sharp objects, and other debris.
Do not drink tap water: Until authorities have declared it safe to drink.
Be aware of carbon monoxide poisoning: Use generators and other fuel-burning equipment only outdoors and away from windows and doors.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is the difference between a hurricane watch and a hurricane warning?

A hurricane watch means that hurricane conditions are possible within the specified area, usually within 48 hours. A hurricane warning means that hurricane conditions are expected within the specified area, usually within 36 hours. A warning signifies a higher level of threat, requiring immediate action.

2. How do I determine my evacuation zone?

Evacuation zones are typically designated by local emergency management agencies. You can usually find information about evacuation zones on your county or city government’s website, or by contacting your local emergency management office. Knowing your zone is critical for understanding when and if you need to evacuate.

3. What should I do if I have pets during a hurricane?

Include your pets in your hurricane preparedness plan. Ensure you have enough food and water for them, as well as any necessary medications. Keep them safely indoors, and if you evacuate, take them with you to a pet-friendly shelter or hotel. Microchipping and having current identification tags are also crucial.

4. How can I protect my car from hurricane damage?

Ideally, park your car in a garage or under a sturdy structure. If that’s not possible, park it in an open area away from trees and power lines. Raise your car on blocks if you live in a flood-prone area. Secure the car with wheel chocks and consider using a car cover for added protection.

5. What are the safest places to shelter in my home during a hurricane?

The safest places are interior rooms without windows, such as a closet or bathroom in the center of the house on the lowest level. Avoid exterior walls and areas with windows. A sturdy basement can also be a good option, but be aware of the risk of flooding.

6. What is the best way to communicate with family members if cell service is down?

Establish a communication plan with your family beforehand. Designate an out-of-state contact person who can serve as a central point of communication. Use text messages instead of phone calls, as they require less bandwidth. Battery-powered or hand-crank radios can also provide valuable information.

7. How long should my emergency food and water supply last?

Aim for at least a three-day supply of food and water per person (and pet) in your household. Some experts recommend a week’s supply, especially if you live in a remote area. Regularly check expiration dates and replenish your supplies as needed.

8. Is it safe to use a generator indoors?

Absolutely not. Generators produce carbon monoxide, a deadly, odorless gas. Always use generators outdoors, at least 20 feet away from windows, doors, and vents. Install carbon monoxide detectors in your home and check them regularly.

9. What should I do if I see downed power lines after the storm?

Stay far away from downed power lines. Assume they are energized and dangerous. Report them immediately to your local utility company or emergency services. Do not attempt to move them yourself.

10. How do I prevent looting after a hurricane?

Secure your property as best as possible. Board up windows and doors, and consider installing a security system. Report any suspicious activity to the police. Community vigilance and cooperation are crucial in preventing looting.

11. What resources are available to help me recover after a hurricane?

FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) provides assistance to individuals and families affected by disasters. Contact FEMA for information on disaster assistance programs, including housing assistance, financial aid, and other support services. Local charities and community organizations also offer valuable resources.

12. How can I stay informed about hurricane threats and safety tips?

Reliable sources include the National Hurricane Center (NHC), The Weather Channel, and your local news stations. Download their apps for real-time alerts and updates. Follow your local emergency management agency on social media for important information and safety tips specific to your area. Proactive monitoring is crucial for staying ahead of potential threats.