What is the Common House Spider in North Dakota?
The most common house spider in North Dakota is generally considered to be the Parasteatoda tepidariorum, also known as the American house spider_. This species is adaptable, widespread, and well-suited to indoor environments, thriving in the relatively stable climate of homes and buildings.
Introduction: Understanding North Dakota’s Common House Spider
Spiders often evoke mixed reactions, ranging from fascination to fear. However, these arachnids play a crucial role in our ecosystem, controlling insect populations and contributing to the balance of nature. When they venture indoors, understanding their identity and habits becomes essential. What is the common house spider in North Dakota? Answering this question requires examining the spider species most frequently encountered within homes and buildings in the state.
Identifying the Parasteatoda tepidariorum
The Parasteatoda tepidariorum, or American house spider, is a cobweb spider belonging to the Theridiidae family. Correct identification is crucial for understanding their behavior and potential risks.
- Appearance: These spiders are typically brownish or tan in color, with mottled markings. Their abdomen is globular and often has a distinctive pattern.
- Size: Females are larger than males, typically reaching lengths of up to 1/4 inch (6 mm) in body length.
- Web: They build irregular, tangled webs, often in corners, under furniture, or in other secluded areas.
Habitat and Behavior
Understanding the preferred habitat and typical behavior of the Parasteatoda tepidariorum helps explain why they are the common house spider in North Dakota.
- Habitat: These spiders thrive in warm, dry environments, making homes and buildings ideal habitats. They are frequently found in basements, attics, and garages.
- Diet: They primarily feed on insects, including flies, moths, and other small invertebrates.
- Behavior: They are generally not aggressive towards humans and prefer to retreat when disturbed. Bites are rare and usually not medically significant.
Distinguishing Parasteatoda tepidariorum from Other Spiders
While Parasteatoda tepidariorum is the most common house spider, North Dakota is home to other spider species that may occasionally venture indoors.
| Feature | Parasteatoda tepidariorum | Other Possible Spiders (e.g., Wolf Spider) |
|---|---|---|
| ——————— | ——————————– | —————————————————- |
| Web Type | Irregular cobwebs | No web (active hunters) |
| Body Shape | Globular abdomen | More elongated body |
| Habitat Preference | Indoors | Both indoors and outdoors |
| Size | Relatively small | Can be significantly larger |
Addressing Concerns and Myths
Many misconceptions surround house spiders, and understanding the facts can alleviate unnecessary fears.
- Myth: All spiders are dangerous.
- Reality: The vast majority of spiders are harmless to humans. The venom of Parasteatoda tepidariorum, for example, is not considered medically significant.
- Myth: Spiders are aggressive and will actively seek to bite humans.
- Reality: Spiders are generally shy and reclusive. They typically only bite when threatened or feel trapped.
Control and Prevention
If you’re concerned about spiders in your home, several preventative measures and control strategies can be implemented.
- Seal entry points: Caulk cracks and crevices around windows and doors.
- Reduce clutter: Eliminate hiding places for spiders and their prey.
- Maintain cleanliness: Regularly vacuum and dust to remove webs and potential food sources.
- Professional pest control: In severe infestations, consider contacting a qualified pest control professional.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the common house spider in North Dakota’s climate most equipped to survive?
The Parasteatoda tepidariorum is well-adapted to the North Dakota climate due to its ability to thrive in indoor environments where temperatures are more stable and protected from extreme cold. This adaptability allows them to persist year-round, unlike some other spider species that may be more seasonal.
Are Parasteatoda tepidariorum bites dangerous?
Bites from Parasteatoda tepidariorum are generally not considered medically significant. While a bite may cause minor localized pain or redness, serious reactions are rare. If you suspect you have been bitten and experience unusual symptoms, consult a medical professional.
How can I tell if I have a Parasteatoda tepidariorum infestation?
The most obvious sign of a Parasteatoda tepidariorum infestation is the presence of their irregular, tangled cobwebs in corners, under furniture, or in other secluded areas. You may also see the spiders themselves, especially in areas with high insect activity.
What do Parasteatoda tepidariorum eat?
Parasteatoda tepidariorum are insectivores, meaning they primarily feed on insects and other small invertebrates that get caught in their webs. Their diet includes flies, moths, mosquitoes, and other common household pests.
How long do Parasteatoda tepidariorum live?
The lifespan of Parasteatoda tepidariorum can vary depending on environmental conditions, but they typically live for one to two years. Females tend to live longer than males.
Do Parasteatoda tepidariorum build webs outside?
While Parasteatoda tepidariorum are more commonly found indoors, they can occasionally build webs outside, particularly in sheltered areas such as under eaves or in sheds. However, they are primarily adapted to indoor environments.
Are there any natural predators of Parasteatoda tepidariorum?
Natural predators of Parasteatoda tepidariorum include larger spiders, insectivorous birds, and certain insects. In the context of a home, other spider species are more likely to be the main predators.
What is the best way to remove Parasteatoda tepidariorum webs?
The most effective way to remove Parasteatoda tepidariorum webs is to vacuum them up or use a broom to sweep them away. Regularly removing webs helps prevent spiders from re-establishing themselves in those areas.
Do Parasteatoda tepidariorum lay eggs?
Yes, Parasteatoda tepidariorum females lay eggs. They typically create small, silken egg sacs that are attached to their webs. Each egg sac can contain dozens to hundreds of eggs.
Are Parasteatoda tepidariorum active at night?
Parasteatoda tepidariorum can be active both during the day and at night, depending on the availability of prey. They are opportunistic hunters and will wait for insects to become trapped in their webs regardless of the time of day.
What is the difference between Parasteatoda tepidariorum and black widow spiders?
Parasteatoda tepidariorum and black widow spiders are distinct species with different appearances and venom toxicity. Black widow spiders have a characteristic red hourglass marking on their abdomen and possess a potent venom that can cause serious medical issues. Parasteatoda tepidariorum are brownish or tan and their venom is not considered medically significant.
If I find a spider, should I kill it?
Whether or not to kill a spider is a personal decision. Spiders play an important role in the ecosystem by controlling insect populations. If you are uncomfortable with spiders in your home, you can carefully relocate them outdoors using a cup and a piece of paper. However, understanding that what is the common house spider in North Dakota helps to realize these spiders aren’t dangerous to you.