What is the Best Bird to Start Falconry?
The best bird to start falconry is generally considered to be the American Kestrel or the Red-tailed Hawk, as they are relatively easy to train, readily available, and forgiving of beginner mistakes. Their smaller size and adaptability also make them well-suited for novices.
Introduction: The Allure of Falconry
Falconry, the ancient art of hunting with a trained raptor, is a deeply rewarding pursuit that connects humans with the natural world in a profound way. However, the journey of becoming a falconer requires dedication, patience, and above all, the selection of the right bird for your experience level. Choosing the appropriate raptor is crucial for success, especially for beginners. What is the best bird to start falconry? The answer isn’t universal; it depends on various factors, but some species stand out as excellent entry points into this demanding yet fulfilling practice.
Factors to Consider When Choosing Your First Falconry Bird
Selecting your first falconry bird is a critical decision. Several factors influence the suitability of a particular species for a beginner:
- Availability: Some species are more readily available than others, depending on your location and local regulations.
- Temperament: A bird with a calmer temperament is often easier to train, especially for novices.
- Size: Smaller birds may be easier to handle and manage, especially during the initial training phases.
- Foraging Behavior: Some species are more adaptable to hunting in different terrains and with varying prey types.
- Legal Requirements: Familiarize yourself with all local, state, and federal regulations regarding falconry permits and species-specific restrictions.
The American Kestrel: A Falconer’s Favorite for Beginners
The American Kestrel ( Falco sparverius ) is a popular choice for novice falconers for several compelling reasons.
- Smaller Size: Kestrels are relatively small falcons, making them easier to handle and manage. Their size also translates to lower food requirements.
- Availability: They are found across North America, increasing their accessibility.
- Training: Kestrels are relatively easy to train and respond well to positive reinforcement techniques.
- Adaptability: They can be successfully flown in a variety of settings, including urban environments.
However, Kestrels present unique challenges. They are susceptible to cold weather, requiring special care during winter months. Also, their small size necessitates careful attention to their weight management, as being underweight can quickly become detrimental.
The Red-tailed Hawk: A Classic Choice
The Red-tailed Hawk ( Buteo jamaicensis ) is another excellent option for beginners, particularly due to its forgiving nature and robust build.
- Availability: Red-tailed Hawks are widespread throughout North America.
- Hardiness: They are more resilient to weather conditions than kestrels, making them a good choice for colder climates.
- Forgiving Nature: They are often more forgiving of training errors, allowing beginners to learn and improve.
- Prey Diversity: Red-tailed Hawks are capable of taking a wide range of prey, offering diverse hunting opportunities.
Red-tailed Hawks, however, require more space to fly and hunt compared to Kestrels. Their larger size demands greater commitment to handling and care.
Other Possible Starter Birds
While the American Kestrel and Red-tailed Hawk are the most common recommendations, other species can be considered depending on individual circumstances:
- Harris’s Hawk: Known for its social behavior and cooperative hunting style, but requires a more experienced falconer for optimal success, although sometimes considered as a good option by some people.
- Gyrfalcon X Peregrine hybrids: Not a starter bird, these birds are very sensitive and require a lot of experience. Only attempt with several years of proven experience.
Comparing Starter Birds: A Quick Reference
| Feature | American Kestrel | Red-tailed Hawk |
|---|---|---|
| —————— | ————————– | ————————— |
| Size | Small | Large |
| Availability | High | High |
| Temperament | Responsive, can be flighty | Forgiving, Steady |
| Hardiness | Low | High |
| Training Ease | Relatively Easy | Relatively Easy |
| Prey Size | Small (insects, rodents) | Medium (rabbits, squirrels) |
| Space Required | Minimal | Moderate |
| Beginner Friendly | Yes | Yes |
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Choosing a bird based on aesthetics rather than suitability.
- Underestimating the time commitment required for training and care.
- Ignoring local regulations and permit requirements.
- Failing to seek guidance from experienced falconers.
- Rushing the training process.
- Neglecting the bird’s physical and mental well-being.
The Importance of Mentorship
Regardless of the species you choose, seeking guidance from an experienced falconer is crucial. A mentor can provide invaluable advice, support, and practical assistance throughout your falconry journey. Their knowledge can help you avoid common pitfalls and ensure the well-being of your bird.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does it take to train a falconry bird?
Training time varies depending on the species, the individual bird, and the falconer’s experience. However, expect to dedicate several months to a year to establish a solid foundation in basic training. Consistency and patience are key.
What equipment do I need to start falconry?
Essential equipment includes leashes, swivels, jesses, bells, a scale, a glove, and a perch. You will also need access to suitable housing for your bird, such as a mews or weathering yard.
How much does it cost to start falconry?
The initial costs can range from several hundred to several thousand dollars, depending on the species, equipment, and any required training courses. Ongoing expenses include food, vet care, and equipment maintenance.
What are the legal requirements for falconry?
Falconry is heavily regulated. You’ll need to obtain state and federal permits, which typically involve passing a written exam, constructing suitable housing, and undergoing an apprenticeship.
What do falconry birds eat?
Falconry birds primarily eat whole prey animals, such as chicks, quail, rodents, and rabbits. The diet must be balanced to provide the necessary nutrients for optimal health and performance.
How do I find a mentor?
Contact your state falconry organization or local raptor rehabilitation centers. They can often connect you with experienced falconers willing to provide mentorship. Attending falconry events is also a great way to network.
What is the difference between falconry and hawking?
While often used interchangeably, falconry specifically refers to hunting with falcons, while hawking encompasses hunting with any raptor, including hawks, eagles, and owls.
Can I use a wild-caught bird for falconry?
In many jurisdictions, it is permissible to trap a passage bird (a young bird in its first migration) for falconry, subject to specific regulations and permit requirements. Check your local laws.
How do I ensure the health and well-being of my falconry bird?
Regular vet checkups are essential, as well as maintaining a clean and safe environment. Monitor your bird’s weight, behavior, and droppings for any signs of illness. Provide enrichment activities to prevent boredom.
What are some common health problems in falconry birds?
Common health problems include aspergillosis (a fungal infection), feather damage, and parasitic infections. Preventative care and prompt veterinary attention are crucial.
How do I train my falconry bird to return to my glove?
Training a bird to return to the glove, or “come to the fist,” involves positive reinforcement techniques, such as rewarding the bird with food each time it responds correctly. Consistency and patience are essential.
What is the role of telemetry in falconry?
Telemetry involves using radio transmitters and receivers to track the location of a falconry bird, which is particularly important when hunting in open areas or when a bird becomes lost. It helps to ensure the bird’s safe recovery.
What is the best bird to start falconry? Ultimately, the choice depends on individual circumstances and preferences, but the American Kestrel and Red-tailed Hawk provide excellent starting points for aspiring falconers.