What Are the Side Effects of Kennel Cough Medication?
Kennel cough medications, while crucial for treating this highly contagious respiratory illness in dogs, can sometimes cause unwanted reactions. The most common side effects of kennel cough medication are generally mild, including drowsiness, decreased appetite, and mild gastrointestinal upset, but rarely, more serious side effects like allergic reactions or liver damage can occur.
Understanding Kennel Cough and Its Treatment
Kennel cough, also known as canine infectious tracheobronchitis, is a highly contagious respiratory disease affecting dogs. It’s often characterized by a persistent, dry, hacking cough that can sound like a goose honking. While many cases resolve on their own, medication is often necessary to alleviate symptoms, prevent secondary infections, and speed up recovery.
Types of Kennel Cough Medications
The treatment for kennel cough depends on the severity of the infection and the individual dog’s health. Common medications used to treat kennel cough include:
- Antibiotics: Prescribed to treat or prevent secondary bacterial infections. Common examples include doxycycline and amoxicillin.
- Cough Suppressants: Help to relieve the coughing symptom. These include dextromethorphan and butorphanol.
- Bronchodilators: Used to open up the airways, making breathing easier. Terbutaline is an example.
- Corticosteroids: Sometimes used to reduce inflammation in severe cases. Prednisone is a common example.
It’s important to remember that self-treating kennel cough is never recommended. A veterinarian should always diagnose the condition and prescribe the appropriate medication.
Common Side Effects of Kennel Cough Medications
What are the side effects of kennel cough medication? Knowing the potential side effects is crucial for responsible pet ownership. While most dogs tolerate these medications well, some may experience adverse reactions.
Here’s a breakdown of common side effects:
- Drowsiness: Many medications, particularly cough suppressants and antihistamines, can cause sedation or drowsiness.
- Decreased Appetite: Some dogs may experience a temporary loss of appetite while taking medication.
- Gastrointestinal Upset: This can include vomiting, diarrhea, or simply a general feeling of nausea.
- Increased Thirst/Urination: Certain medications, such as corticosteroids, can lead to increased thirst and urination.
These side effects are usually mild and temporary, resolving once the medication is stopped. However, it’s important to monitor your dog closely and contact your veterinarian if you notice any concerning symptoms.
Rare But Serious Side Effects
While less common, some medications can cause more serious side effects. These include:
- Allergic Reactions: These can manifest as hives, facial swelling, difficulty breathing, or even anaphylactic shock. Seek immediate veterinary attention if you suspect an allergic reaction.
- Liver Damage: Prolonged use of certain medications, particularly antibiotics and corticosteroids, can potentially damage the liver. Your veterinarian may recommend regular blood tests to monitor liver function.
- Drug Interactions: It’s important to inform your veterinarian about any other medications your dog is taking to avoid potentially dangerous drug interactions.
Minimizing the Risk of Side Effects
Several steps can be taken to minimize the risk of side effects from kennel cough medication:
- Follow Your Veterinarian’s Instructions Carefully: Administer the medication exactly as prescribed, including the correct dosage and frequency.
- Monitor Your Dog Closely: Watch for any signs of adverse reactions, such as vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, or changes in appetite or behavior.
- Provide Plenty of Water: Some medications can cause dehydration, so ensure your dog has access to fresh, clean water at all times.
- Administer Medication with Food: Giving medication with food can help to reduce gastrointestinal upset.
- Report Any Concerns to Your Veterinarian: Don’t hesitate to contact your veterinarian if you have any questions or concerns about your dog’s medication.
When to Contact Your Veterinarian
Contact your veterinarian immediately if your dog experiences any of the following symptoms while taking kennel cough medication:
- Severe vomiting or diarrhea
- Difficulty breathing
- Hives or facial swelling
- Seizures
- Collapse
- Significant lethargy or weakness
- Jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes)
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What are the side effects of kennel cough medication if my dog is pregnant?
Certain medications used to treat kennel cough, particularly some antibiotics and corticosteroids, can be harmful to pregnant dogs and their developing puppies. Always inform your veterinarian if your dog is pregnant or may become pregnant before starting any medication. Safer alternatives may be available.
Can my dog be allergic to kennel cough medication?
Yes, just like humans, dogs can be allergic to certain medications. Allergic reactions can range from mild skin irritation to life-threatening anaphylaxis. If you notice any signs of an allergic reaction, such as hives, facial swelling, or difficulty breathing, seek immediate veterinary attention.
What if my dog vomits after taking kennel cough medication?
If your dog vomits shortly after taking medication, contact your veterinarian for advice. Depending on the medication and how soon after administration the vomiting occurred, they may recommend repeating the dose or switching to a different medication.
Is it safe to give my dog human cough medicine for kennel cough?
No, it is generally not safe to give your dog human cough medicine. Many human cough medications contain ingredients that are toxic to dogs, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) and xylitol. Always consult with your veterinarian before giving your dog any medication, even over-the-counter remedies.
Can kennel cough medication cause liver or kidney damage?
While rare, some medications used to treat kennel cough, particularly certain antibiotics and corticosteroids, can potentially cause liver or kidney damage, especially with long-term use. Your veterinarian may recommend regular blood tests to monitor your dog’s liver and kidney function.
Are there natural remedies for kennel cough that don’t have side effects?
While some natural remedies, such as honey and rest, can help to soothe the symptoms of kennel cough, they are often not sufficient to treat the underlying infection. Consult with your veterinarian before using any natural remedies, as they may not be effective and could potentially interact with other medications.
How long do the side effects of kennel cough medication typically last?
The duration of side effects from kennel cough medication varies depending on the medication, the dosage, and the individual dog’s sensitivity. Most mild side effects, such as drowsiness or decreased appetite, typically resolve within a few days of stopping the medication.
Can I give my dog probiotics to help with the side effects of antibiotics?
Yes, giving your dog probiotics can help to reduce the gastrointestinal side effects of antibiotics. Antibiotics can kill both harmful and beneficial bacteria in the gut, leading to diarrhea and other digestive issues. Probiotics help to restore the balance of gut bacteria.
What are the side effects of kennel cough medication in puppies?
Puppies may be more sensitive to the side effects of kennel cough medication than adult dogs. Careful dosing and monitoring are especially important in puppies. Discuss any concerns with your veterinarian.
Can kennel cough medication cause behavioral changes in my dog?
In rare cases, some medications, particularly corticosteroids, can cause behavioral changes in dogs, such as increased anxiety, aggression, or hyperactivity. If you notice any significant changes in your dog’s behavior, contact your veterinarian.
What are the side effects of kennel cough medication if my dog has other health problems?
Dogs with underlying health conditions, such as liver disease, kidney disease, or heart disease, may be at increased risk of experiencing side effects from kennel cough medication. Always inform your veterinarian about any other health problems your dog has before starting any medication.
How can I make giving my dog kennel cough medication easier?
Hiding the medication in a pill pocket, wrapping it in a small piece of cheese or meat, or using a pill dispenser can make giving your dog medication easier. Consult your veterinarian or a veterinary technician for specific tips and techniques.