Is It Better to Hit a Deer Than To Slam the Brakes or Swerve?: Weighing the Risks
It’s a split-second decision that could mean the difference between life and death: In most cases, it isn’t better to hit a deer than to slam on the brakes or swerve, although hitting the deer might be your least worst option if a collision is unavoidable, after safely braking and assessing your surroundings.
The Dilemma of Deer Collisions
Deer-vehicle collisions are a significant safety hazard, especially in rural areas. Each year, thousands of people are injured or killed in these accidents, and property damage runs into the billions of dollars. Understanding the risks and potential responses is crucial for drivers. The instinct to avoid hitting an animal is natural, but sometimes, that instinct can lead to even more dangerous outcomes.
The Dangers of Slamming on the Brakes
- Loss of Control: Sudden braking, especially on wet or slippery surfaces, can cause your vehicle to skid or lose traction, leading to a loss of control.
- Rear-End Collisions: If a driver behind you is following too closely, they may not have time to react and could rear-end your vehicle, potentially causing serious injuries.
- Reduced Braking Effectiveness: Anti-lock braking systems (ABS) are designed to help you maintain steering control during braking, but they can be less effective in loose gravel or snow.
The Perils of Swerving
- Leaving the Roadway: Swerving sharply can cause you to lose control and run off the road, potentially hitting trees, guardrails, or other obstacles. This can be particularly dangerous on highways with high speeds.
- Head-On Collisions: Swerving into oncoming traffic can lead to a head-on collision, which is often fatal.
- Rollovers: In SUVs or other high-profile vehicles, sudden swerving can increase the risk of a rollover.
When Is Hitting the Deer the Least Worst Option?
While the ideal scenario is to avoid hitting the deer entirely, sometimes it’s unavoidable. The general consensus is that is better to hit a deer than to slam the brakes or swerve when the following conditions exist:
- Other Vehicles Are Close By: If swerving would put you in the path of oncoming traffic or cause you to hit another vehicle, hitting the deer may be the safer option.
- Limited Escape Route: If you have very little room to maneuver, such as on a narrow road with drop-offs on either side, hitting the deer might be the least risky choice.
- Significant Speed Reduction Impossible: If a deer suddenly appears directly in front of your vehicle at high speed, and you can’t slow down enough to significantly reduce the impact, steering into the deer might be preferable to a more dangerous alternative.
Damage Assessment
- Weigh the Potential Impact: A direct hit with a deer will damage your car, but you may be able to maintain control. A crash into oncoming traffic, a tree, or a rollover will likely be much worse.
- Assess the Situation Rapidly: You’ll have just a few seconds to decide, so knowing the risks of each maneuver is very important.
Best Practices for Avoiding Deer Collisions
- Be Aware of Deer-Crossing Zones: Pay attention to deer-crossing signs and be extra cautious in these areas, especially during dawn and dusk.
- Scan the Roadside: Look for deer along the sides of the road, especially in wooded areas.
- Use High Beams: When there is no oncoming traffic, use your high beams to increase your visibility.
- Reduce Speed: Driving slower gives you more time to react.
- Honk Your Horn: A long blast of the horn may scare deer away from the road.
- Brake Firmly: If a collision is unavoidable, brake firmly but avoid locking up your wheels if you don’t have ABS.
- Steer Straight: After braking, attempt to steer straight and brace for impact. Avoid swerving unless there is a clear and safe escape route.
What to Do After a Deer Collision
- Pull Over Safely: If possible, pull your vehicle off the road to a safe location. Turn on your hazard lights.
- Assess Injuries: Check yourself and any passengers for injuries. Call 911 if anyone is hurt.
- Report the Accident: Contact the local police or highway patrol to report the accident.
- Document the Damage: Take photos of the damage to your vehicle and any injuries.
- Contact Your Insurance Company: Notify your insurance company about the accident.
Debunking Myths About Deer Collisions
There are many misconceptions about deer collisions. One common myth is that swerving is always the best option. As we’ve seen, that’s not always the case. Another myth is that you should always try to avoid hitting a deer, regardless of the circumstances. Sometimes, hitting the deer is the lesser of two evils.
| Action | Potential Risks |
|---|---|
| ——————– | ——————————————————————————— |
| Slamming on Brakes | Loss of control, rear-end collision, reduced braking effectiveness |
| Swerving | Leaving the roadway, head-on collision, rollover |
| Hitting the Deer | Vehicle damage, potential injury, but may prevent more serious accidents |
Understanding Deer Behavior
Deer are most active during dawn and dusk, and during mating season (typically October through December). They often travel in groups, so if you see one deer, there are likely others nearby. Deer can be unpredictable and may dart into the road unexpectedly. Understanding these behavioral patterns can help you anticipate potential hazards.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What time of year are deer collisions most likely?
Deer collisions are most likely during the fall mating season, typically October through December. Deer are more active and move around more frequently during this time, increasing the likelihood of encountering them on the roads. Dawn and dusk are especially dangerous times.
Is it true that deer whistles work to deter deer?
There is no scientific evidence that deer whistles effectively deter deer from crossing the road. Many studies have shown that deer are not significantly affected by the high-frequency sounds produced by these devices. It’s better to rely on safe driving practices, such as slowing down and being vigilant.
What kind of insurance covers damage from a deer collision?
Comprehensive coverage on your auto insurance policy typically covers damage to your vehicle from a deer collision. This coverage protects you from damage caused by events other than collisions with other vehicles, such as hitting an animal.
If I hit a deer, am I allowed to take it with me?
Regulations vary by state regarding whether you can legally take a deer you hit. In some states, it’s legal to take the deer for personal consumption, but you may need to obtain a permit from the local wildlife agency. It’s important to check your local laws and regulations before doing so.
How can I tell if I’m in a deer-crossing zone?
Deer-crossing zones are typically marked with signs that depict a deer leaping across the road. These signs are usually placed in areas where deer are known to frequent. However, deer can cross the road anywhere, so it’s important to be vigilant, even in areas without signs.
What should I do if I see a deer standing on the side of the road?
Slow down and be prepared to stop if you see a deer standing on the side of the road. Deer can be unpredictable and may suddenly dart into the road. If possible, flash your headlights and honk your horn to try to scare the deer away.
Does the color of my car affect my chances of hitting a deer?
There is no scientific evidence that the color of your car affects your chances of hitting a deer. Deer are more likely to be attracted to movement and noise than to specific colors.
If I swerve to avoid a deer and hit another car, who is at fault?
Determining fault in an accident where you swerved to avoid a deer can be complex. Generally, the driver who swerved and caused the collision may be considered at fault. However, the insurance company will investigate the circumstances of the accident and may consider factors such as the suddenness of the deer’s appearance and whether the driver acted reasonably under the circumstances.
What is the best way to brake to avoid hitting a deer?
The best way to brake to avoid hitting a deer is to apply firm, steady pressure to the brake pedal without locking up your wheels. If your car has anti-lock brakes (ABS), you can maintain steering control while braking. If you don’t have ABS, pump the brakes to prevent them from locking up.
Can deer see headlights?
Deer can see headlights, but they may not be able to judge the distance or speed of the approaching vehicle accurately. This can cause them to freeze in the headlights or run in front of the car. Use your headlights strategically, and be prepared to slow down or stop.
Are there any aftermarket products that can help prevent deer collisions?
While some products, such as deer whistles, claim to prevent deer collisions, there is limited evidence to support their effectiveness. The best way to prevent deer collisions is to practice safe driving habits, such as slowing down, being vigilant, and scanning the roadside.
If my car is damaged by a deer and I don’t have collision coverage, will I have to pay out of pocket for the repairs?
If you don’t have comprehensive coverage, you will likely have to pay out of pocket for the repairs. Collision coverage only covers damage caused by collisions with other vehicles or objects, not animals. However, it’s always best to confirm coverage with your insurance provider.
Ultimately, determining is better to hit a deer than to slam the brakes or swerve is a nuanced decision dependent on the specific circumstances. By understanding the risks and potential consequences of each action, drivers can make informed decisions to minimize the risk of injury and property damage.