How to Vacuum to Waste Above Ground Pool: A Comprehensive Guide

Vacuuming to waste in an above ground pool involves bypassing the filter system entirely, directly expelling the vacuumed debris-filled water. This method is crucial when dealing with significant algae blooms, excessive sediment, or particularly dirty water that would otherwise overwhelm and clog your filter, potentially damaging it and significantly reducing its lifespan.

Understanding the Need for Vacuuming to Waste

Why vacuum to waste? Regular pool vacuuming uses the filter to trap dirt and debris. However, when you’re dealing with a significant amount of unwanted material, like a thick layer of algae or dead leaves after a storm, forcing it through the filter is detrimental. The filter will quickly clog, requiring frequent backwashing and potentially leading to permanent damage. Vacuuming to waste allows you to remove this excess debris quickly and efficiently, preventing damage and minimizing the strain on your filter system. It’s also the most effective way to remove dead algae after an algae bloom because dead algae tends to break down into extremely fine particles that are difficult for filters to catch.

Step-by-Step Guide to Vacuuming to Waste

Follow these steps for a successful vacuum-to-waste session:

1. Turn Off the Pump: Safety first! Ensure the pool pump is completely turned off before making any changes to the plumbing.

2. Identify Your Pool’s Valve: Locate the multiport valve, usually situated on the side of your filter system. This valve controls the flow of water through the system and allows you to select different modes, including “Waste.”

3. Attach the Vacuum Hose to the Vacuum Head: Connect your vacuum hose to the vacuum head, ensuring a tight and secure fit.

4. Prime the Vacuum Hose: Submerge the vacuum head and hose completely in the pool. Slowly lower the hose into the water, allowing it to fill with water and expel the air. This “priming” process prevents air from entering the pump, which can damage it. You can prime the hose by holding one end against a return jet until water flows continuously.

5. Connect the Vacuum Hose to the Skimmer: Once the hose is primed, carefully connect the other end to the skimmer. You may need a skimmer plate to ensure a proper seal. The skimmer plate typically sits within the skimmer basket and has an opening for the vacuum hose.

6. Set the Multiport Valve to “Waste” (or “Drain”): Carefully rotate the multiport valve to the “Waste” or “Drain” setting. Consult your pool filter manual for the specific labeling and operating instructions for your particular model. Never force the valve. If it’s stuck, try lubricating it with a silicone-based lubricant.

7. Turn On the Pump: Turn the pool pump back on. The vacuum will now begin sucking water directly from the pool, through the vacuum hose, and out the waste line.

8. Vacuum the Pool: Slowly and methodically vacuum the pool floor, overlapping each pass slightly to ensure complete coverage. Avoid rushing, as this can stir up debris and reduce the vacuum’s effectiveness.

9. Monitor the Water Level: Because you’re removing water from the pool, it’s essential to keep an eye on the water level. Never let the water level drop below the skimmer opening, as this can cause the pump to lose prime and potentially damage it. Be prepared to add water as needed to maintain the proper level.

10. Turn Off the Pump: Once you’ve finished vacuuming or the water level is getting too low, turn off the pump.

11. Return the Valve to “Filter” (or Normal Operating Mode): Return the multiport valve to its normal “Filter” setting.

12. Backwash (Optional but Recommended): Even though you bypassed the filter, it’s still a good idea to backwash the filter briefly after vacuuming, especially if there was any residual debris that made its way through the system. This helps remove any remaining particles and keeps your filter running optimally.

After Vacuuming to Waste

After vacuuming to waste, remember to:

• Refill the Pool: Replenish the water that was removed during the vacuuming process.
• Balance the Water Chemistry: Test and adjust the water chemistry (pH, alkalinity, calcium hardness, etc.) to ensure it’s within the recommended ranges.
• Shock the Pool: Consider shocking the pool, especially after dealing with algae, to kill any remaining microorganisms.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is a multiport valve and where can I find it?

A multiport valve is a crucial component of your pool’s filtration system. It controls the flow of water, allowing you to select different functions like filtering, backwashing, rinsing, and, most importantly for this guide, vacuuming to waste. You’ll typically find it located on the side of your filter tank, connected to the plumbing leading to and from the pump.

Can I damage my pump by vacuuming to waste?

Yes, you can damage your pump if you’re not careful. The biggest risk is running the pump dry. Always ensure the water level remains above the skimmer while vacuuming to waste. Additionally, never force the multiport valve; always consult your manual.

How often should I vacuum to waste?

You should only vacuum to waste when necessary, such as after a significant algae bloom, heavy debris accumulation (leaves, dirt), or when the pool is exceptionally dirty. Regular weekly vacuuming should typically be done through the filter system. Overusing the “Waste” setting can lead to excessive water loss and higher water bills.

What if my pool doesn’t have a “Waste” setting on the multiport valve?

If your pool doesn’t have a dedicated “Waste” setting, it may have a “Drain” setting, which performs a similar function. Consult your pool filter manual to determine the best way to bypass the filter and directly discharge the water. If neither setting is available, vacuuming to waste may not be possible without modifications to your plumbing.

What is a skimmer plate and why do I need one?

A skimmer plate provides a secure connection between the vacuum hose and the skimmer. It sits inside the skimmer basket and creates a tight seal, ensuring that all the suction is directed through the vacuum hose and not through other openings in the skimmer. Without a skimmer plate, the vacuum might not work effectively.

How long should I vacuum to waste at a time?

Vacuum to waste only as long as necessary to remove the debris. Constantly monitor the water level and turn off the pump before it drops too low. Short, frequent sessions are better than long ones, especially if you’re dealing with a large amount of debris.

How much water will I lose when vacuuming to waste?

The amount of water lost depends on the size of your pool and the duration of the vacuuming process. It’s not uncommon to lose several hundred gallons, so be prepared to refill the pool afterward.

Can I use a robotic pool cleaner to vacuum to waste?

No. Robotic pool cleaners are designed to work with the filter system. They collect debris in their own internal filters and do not have the capability to bypass the filter and discharge water.

What should I do if the water level drops too low while vacuuming to waste?

Immediately turn off the pump! Refill the pool to the proper level before resuming vacuuming. Running the pump dry can cause serious damage.

How do I know if I need to vacuum to waste instead of using the filter?

If you notice a significant decrease in filter pressure after vacuuming normally, or if the filter becomes clogged very quickly, it’s a sign that vacuuming to waste might be necessary. Also, if you can visibly see a large amount of debris on the pool floor, vacuuming to waste is likely the best option.

What are some alternatives to vacuuming to waste?

Alternatives include using a leaf rake to remove large debris, manually skimming the surface, and using a pool clarifier to clump together fine particles for easier filtering. However, these methods are often less effective for dealing with significant amounts of algae or heavy sediment.

Can I vacuum to waste in an above ground pool with a sand filter?

Yes, the process is the same regardless of the filter type (sand, cartridge, DE). Ensure the multiport valve is set to “Waste” or “Drain” if available, and follow all safety precautions regarding water level and pump operation. Always consult your sand filter manual for specific instructions.