How to Effectively Release Fish Suffering from Barotrauma
The proper release of fish suffering from barotrauma is crucial for conservation; this involves promptly and carefully deflating the swim bladder with a venting tool or descending device and returning the fish to its original depth, giving it the best chance of survival.
Understanding Barotrauma in Fish
Barotrauma is a physiological condition affecting fish brought rapidly from deep water to the surface. As pressure decreases, gases dissolved in the fish’s tissues, primarily in the swim bladder, expand rapidly. This expansion can cause significant damage, leading to injury and making it difficult for the fish to return to the depths. Effectively addressing barotrauma when releasing fish dramatically improves survival rates.
Identifying Signs of Barotrauma
Recognizing the symptoms of barotrauma is the first step in effectively releasing affected fish. Common signs include:
- Distended abdomen: A visibly bloated belly due to the expanding swim bladder.
- Protruding eyes: Eyes that bulge outwards from their sockets.
- Everted stomach: The stomach pushed out through the mouth.
- Bubbles under the skin or in the gills: Evidence of gas escaping from tissues.
- Difficulty swimming or maintaining equilibrium: Disorientation and inability to swim normally.
Methods for Releasing Fish with Barotrauma: Venting vs. Descending
Two primary methods exist for releasing fish with barotrauma: venting and descending. Understanding the nuances of each method is vital for choosing the most appropriate approach.
- Venting: This involves using a specialized tool (venting tool or hypodermic needle) to puncture the swim bladder, releasing the excess gas.
- Descending: This method utilizes a weight or descending device to quickly return the fish to a safer depth, allowing the swim bladder to recompress naturally.
The choice between the two depends on various factors, including the species of fish, the severity of barotrauma, and personal preference and skill. In many regions, venting is discouraged in favor of descending because of potential for infection and long-term damage.
The Venting Process: Step-by-Step
If venting is deemed the most appropriate method (check local regulations, as venting is often discouraged):
- Identify the correct venting location: Typically, this is on the side of the fish, slightly behind the pectoral fin. Avoid the midline of the belly to minimize damage to internal organs.
- Use a proper venting tool: A hollow needle or specialized venting tool is essential. Never use a sharp knife.
- Insert the tool at the correct angle: Aim for a shallow angle, pushing the tool just deep enough to puncture the swim bladder (approximately 1/4 to 1/2 inch).
- Release the gas slowly: Allow the gas to escape gradually to avoid causing further trauma.
- Return the fish to the water immediately: Gently place the fish back in the water head-first, observing it to ensure it can swim downward.
The Descending Process: A More Fish-Friendly Approach
Descending is now the preferred method for releasing fish with barotrauma in many regions.
- Choose a suitable descending device: Options include specialized fish descending devices (clips that grip the lip and release at depth), weighted jigs, or even a weighted line.
- Attach the device carefully: Secure the device to the fish’s lip or jaw, avoiding sensitive areas.
- Lower the fish slowly to the desired depth: Typically, 20-30 feet is sufficient to allow the swim bladder to recompress.
- Release the fish: Some descending devices release automatically at a predetermined depth. If using a manually released device, give a sharp tug to release the fish.
- Observe the fish as it swims away: Ensure it is able to swim normally before leaving the area.
| Feature | Venting | Descending |
|---|---|---|
| —————- | ——————————————— | —————————————————- |
| Method | Puncturing the swim bladder | Returning fish to depth for natural recompression |
| Risk | Infection, internal organ damage | Injury from the device if improperly attached |
| Effectiveness | Can be effective if done correctly | Generally more effective and less traumatic |
| Recommended | Often discouraged due to potential harm | Preferred method in many regions |
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Several common mistakes can reduce the effectiveness of either method and potentially harm the fish:
- Venting in the wrong location: Puncturing vital organs.
- Using a blunt or inappropriate tool: Causing unnecessary tissue damage.
- Releasing too much gas too quickly: Shocking the fish’s system.
- Delaying the release: Prolonging the fish’s exposure to surface conditions.
- Using too much weight on a descending device: Injuring the fish.
- Releasing the fish too quickly from a descending device: Not allowing enough time for recompression.
- Neglecting local regulations: Some areas prohibit venting.
Choosing the Right Tool for the Job
Selecting the appropriate tool is paramount for both venting and descending.
- Venting Tools: Opt for commercially available venting tools designed specifically for fish. These tools typically have a smooth, rounded tip to minimize tissue damage.
- Descending Devices: A variety of descending devices are available, ranging from simple weighted clips to more sophisticated automatic-release mechanisms. Choose a device appropriate for the size and species of fish you typically catch. Always check the condition of the device; ensure it’s clean and free of anything that could harm the fish.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What exactly is barotrauma, and why does it happen?
Barotrauma occurs when a fish is rapidly brought up from deep water, causing the gases in its swim bladder to expand. This expansion can damage internal organs, cause the eyes to bulge, and prevent the fish from swimming correctly. It happens because the pressure at depth is significantly higher than at the surface.
Why can’t fish with barotrauma just swim back down?
The expanded swim bladder makes it difficult, if not impossible, for fish with barotrauma to swim back down to depth. The increased buoyancy keeps them at the surface, predisposing them to predation and sun exposure.
Is it better to vent or descend fish suffering from barotrauma?
In most cases, descending is the preferred method. It allows the fish to recompress gradually, reducing the risk of tissue damage and infection compared to venting. Venting should only be considered if descending is not feasible and local regulations allow it.
What depth should I descend a fish to help it recover from barotrauma?
Generally, descending a fish to a depth of 20-30 feet is sufficient to allow the swim bladder to recompress. The key is to get the fish back to a depth where the pressure is high enough to counteract the effects of the expanded gas.
Can all fish species survive being caught from deep water and released?
Not all species are equally resilient to the effects of barotrauma. Some species are more susceptible to injury and may have a lower survival rate even with proper release techniques. Research the species you are targeting to understand their specific needs.
Are there any regulations regarding venting or descending fish in my area?
Absolutely. It’s crucial to check local fishing regulations regarding venting or descending fish. Some areas may prohibit venting altogether and require the use of descending devices. Violating these regulations can result in fines.
How quickly should I release a fish with barotrauma after catching it?
Time is of the essence. The longer a fish remains at the surface with barotrauma, the lower its chances of survival. Release the fish as quickly as possible after bringing it aboard.
What if I don’t have a specialized descending device?
If you don’t have a specialized device, you can use a weighted jig or even a weighted line to descend the fish. Ensure the weight is sufficient to pull the fish down to the desired depth and release it without causing further injury.
Can I reuse a descending device or venting tool?
Yes, you can reuse these tools, but clean them thoroughly between uses to prevent the spread of disease or parasites. Use a disinfectant solution suitable for marine environments.
Is it okay to touch a fish before releasing it?
Minimize handling fish as much as possible. If you must touch it, wet your hands first to avoid removing the protective slime layer from its skin. Use clean, wet gloves if available.
What should I do if a fish appears to be dead after being released?
Unfortunately, even with the best efforts, some fish may not survive. If a fish appears to be dead after being released, report it to the relevant fisheries management agency. This data can help them assess the effectiveness of conservation efforts.
How do you release fish with barotrauma if you are fishing from shore or a pier?
Releasing fish with barotrauma from shore or a pier presents a challenge. A weighted line can be used for descending, but monitoring the fish’s progress becomes more difficult. Choose a location with deeper water close to shore to minimize the distance the fish needs to be lowered and maximize its chances of returning to depth.