At What Age Do Baby Squirrels Become Active? A Comprehensive Guide
At what age do baby squirrels become active? Squirrels, born blind and helpless, don’t become truly active until around 7-10 weeks of age, when they start venturing out of the nest (drey) and exploring their surroundings under the watchful eye of their mother. This marks a significant milestone in their development and survival.
Understanding Squirrel Development
Squirrels are born altricial, meaning they are highly dependent on their mother for survival in the early stages of life. This period is characterized by rapid development and increasing independence. At what age do baby squirrels become active? This question delves into the fascinating world of squirrel infancy and the milestones they achieve on their journey to adulthood.
Stages of Early Squirrel Life
The lives of baby squirrels progress through distinct stages:
- Newborn (0-3 weeks): Completely dependent on their mother. Eyes are closed, and they cannot regulate their body temperature. They rely on the mother for warmth, feeding, and hygiene.
- Early Development (3-6 weeks): Eyes begin to open (around 4-5 weeks), and fur starts to develop. They are still primarily nest-bound but become more aware of their surroundings.
- Emergence and Exploration (7-10 weeks): This is when baby squirrels become active. They begin to explore outside the nest, initially under close supervision. They start to practice climbing and foraging skills.
- Independence (10-12 weeks): They gradually become more independent, spending less time with their mother. They begin to establish their own territory and foraging strategies.
Factors Influencing Activity Levels
Several factors can influence at what age do baby squirrels become active and the extent of their activity.
- Species: Different squirrel species (e.g., gray squirrels, red squirrels, fox squirrels) may have slightly different developmental timelines.
- Health: Weak or sick squirrels may develop more slowly and become active later.
- Nutrition: Adequate nutrition from the mother is crucial for healthy development and early activity.
- Environmental Conditions: Harsh weather can delay their emergence from the nest.
- Predator Presence: The perceived safety of their environment can influence how early and how boldly they explore.
- Mother’s Experience: A mother’s prior experience raising young can impact her nurturing and teaching style, possibly accelerating or slowing down the development of her young.
Signs of Active Baby Squirrels
Identifying active baby squirrels involves observing several key behaviors:
- Climbing: Clumsy but determined attempts to climb trees and other vertical surfaces.
- Foraging: Exploring the ground for food, often mimicking their mother’s actions.
- Play: Engaging in playful chases and wrestling with siblings.
- Vocalization: Making chirping or squeaking sounds to communicate with their mother and siblings.
- Curiosity: Investigating new objects and environments with caution and curiosity.
Comparing Squirrel Species Development
Here’s a simplified table comparing the typical age of activity for a few common squirrel species. Note that these are approximate ranges and individual squirrels may vary.
| Species | Approximate Age of Initial Activity (Weeks) |
|---|---|
| —————– | ——————————————— |
| Gray Squirrel | 7-9 |
| Red Squirrel | 8-10 |
| Fox Squirrel | 6-8 |
Safety Considerations
If you encounter baby squirrels outside the nest, observe them from a distance. Their mother is likely nearby. Only intervene if the squirrel is visibly injured or orphaned. Contact a wildlife rehabilitator for assistance.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
How long do baby squirrels stay in the nest?
Baby squirrels typically stay in the nest (the drey) for approximately 6 to 8 weeks before venturing out for short periods. This period allows them to develop physically and neurologically under the protection of their mother.
What do baby squirrels eat?
Baby squirrels initially feed solely on their mother’s milk, which provides essential nutrients and antibodies. As they grow older, they gradually transition to solid foods like nuts, seeds, fruits, and insects, often learning foraging skills from their mother.
How can I tell if a baby squirrel is orphaned?
Signs of an orphaned baby squirrel include being visibly injured, cold to the touch, covered in flies, or crying continuously for an extended period without the presence of its mother. If you observe these signs, contact a licensed wildlife rehabilitator.
Is it safe to handle baby squirrels?
It is generally not advisable to handle baby squirrels. They can carry parasites or diseases. If you must handle a baby squirrel (e.g., to move it to a safer location), wear gloves and wash your hands thoroughly afterward.
What should I do if I find a baby squirrel on the ground?
Observe the baby squirrel from a distance for a few hours to see if the mother returns. If the squirrel is healthy and uninjured, the mother is likely foraging nearby. If the mother doesn’t return or the squirrel appears injured, contact a wildlife rehabilitator.
Do all baby squirrels become active at the same age?
No, the age at what baby squirrels become active can vary, influenced by factors such as species, health, nutrition, and environmental conditions. Some may start exploring slightly earlier or later than others.
How can I help a baby squirrel in my yard?
The best way to help is to provide a safe environment by keeping pets indoors or supervised, avoiding the use of pesticides, and offering a source of fresh water. Avoid feeding them directly, as this can make them dependent on humans.
What are the biggest threats to baby squirrels?
The biggest threats to baby squirrels include predation by cats, dogs, birds of prey, and snakes, as well as starvation due to lack of food or abandonment by the mother, and accidental injuries from falls or encounters with humans and cars.
How do squirrels protect their babies?
Squirrels protect their babies by building secure nests (dreys) high in trees, aggressively defending their territory against predators, and providing constant care and nourishment to their young. Mothers will also move their nests if they feel threatened.
Why do baby squirrels sometimes fall from trees?
Baby squirrels may fall from trees due to inexperience, clumsiness, strong winds, or the breakdown of their nest. If you find a baby squirrel that has fallen, check for injuries and contact a wildlife rehabilitator if necessary.
What is the difference between a squirrel drey and a nest?
While the terms are often used interchangeably, a drey is a more robust, insulated nest typically made of twigs, leaves, and moss, designed to protect squirrels from the elements. “Nest” can refer to a broader range of structures.
How does the season affect baby squirrel activity?
Squirrels typically have two breeding seasons, one in late winter/early spring and another in late summer. Baby squirrels born during warmer months may become active slightly earlier than those born in colder months, as they face fewer environmental challenges.