Can a Dog Get Kennel Cough Twice in a Month? Exploring Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis
Can a dog get kennel cough twice in a month? While technically possible, it’s highly unlikely a dog could contract a completely new different strain of kennel cough and exhibit symptoms twice within 30 days. More often, apparent “repeat” infections are either prolonged symptoms of the initial infection, a secondary infection on top of the already weakened immune system, or misidentification of a different respiratory issue.
Understanding Kennel Cough
Kennel cough, or infectious tracheobronchitis, is a highly contagious respiratory disease affecting dogs. It’s often compared to the human cold but can be more severe in certain individuals. The name “kennel cough” stems from the fact that it spreads quickly in environments with high dog density, such as kennels, dog parks, and boarding facilities. However, any dog can contract it.
The Causes of Kennel Cough
Kennel cough is typically caused by a combination of viruses and bacteria. The most common culprits include:
- Bordetella bronchiseptica (bacteria)
- Canine parainfluenza virus
- Canine adenovirus
- Canine respiratory coronavirus
- Canine distemper virus
- Canine influenza virus
These pathogens inflame the trachea and bronchi, making the dog susceptible to secondary infections. The Bordetella bacteria is a frequent primary offender, often paving the way for other opportunistic infections.
Signs and Symptoms of Kennel Cough
The hallmark symptom of kennel cough is a persistent, hacking cough, often described as a goose honk. Other symptoms may include:
- Sneezing
- Runny nose
- Eye discharge
- Lethargy
- Loss of appetite
- Low-grade fever
It’s important to note that the severity of symptoms can vary greatly depending on the dog’s overall health, age, and the specific pathogens involved. Some dogs may only exhibit a mild cough, while others experience more pronounced respiratory distress.
Why Repeated Kennel Cough Within a Month is Uncommon
While can a dog get kennel cough twice in a month? is technically possible, the reasons it’s unusual center on the immune response. After an initial infection, the dog’s immune system develops some level of immunity, at least to the specific strain it encountered. A true reinfection with the same pathogen so soon is rare. More likely explanations include:
- Prolonged Initial Infection: The initial infection hasn’t fully cleared, and symptoms persist beyond what’s expected. This is especially true in cases where treatment wasn’t completed or if the dog has a compromised immune system.
- Secondary Infections: While recovering, the dog’s immune system is weakened, making it vulnerable to other respiratory pathogens. The symptoms may seem like a recurrence of kennel cough, but it’s a different infection altogether. This is often a viral infection following a bacterial one, or vice versa.
- Incorrect Diagnosis: The initial diagnosis may have been incorrect. Other respiratory conditions, such as allergies, collapsing trachea, or heart disease, can mimic kennel cough symptoms. A veterinary re-evaluation is essential.
Prevention and Treatment
Preventing kennel cough involves vaccination and minimizing exposure to infected dogs. Vaccines are available for Bordetella bronchiseptica and canine parainfluenza virus, two of the most common causes. Although vaccination doesn’t guarantee complete immunity, it significantly reduces the risk and severity of the disease.
Treatment for kennel cough typically involves:
- Rest: Allowing the dog to rest is crucial for recovery.
- Cough Suppressants: Medications to alleviate the cough.
- Antibiotics: Prescribed by a veterinarian to combat bacterial infections like Bordetella.
- Humidifiers: Can help soothe the irritated airways.
- Supportive Care: Ensuring the dog stays hydrated and eats well.
Table: Comparing Kennel Cough Symptoms with Other Respiratory Issues
| Symptom | Kennel Cough | Allergies | Collapsing Trachea | Heart Disease |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| —————— | —————————————— | —————————————— | —————————————— | —————————————— |
| Cough | Harsh, hacking, “goose honk” | Dry, intermittent | “Goose honk”, worse with excitement | Soft, moist, may worsen at night |
| Nasal Discharge | Possible, clear or purulent | Clear, watery | Possible, clear | Possible, often associated with fluid buildup |
| Eye Discharge | Possible | Possible | Rare | Rare |
| Sneezing | Possible | Frequent | Rare | Rare |
| Exercise Intolerance | Possible, especially with severe infection | Possible, if allergies trigger asthma-like symptoms | Common, especially with excitement | Common |
| Fever | Possible, low-grade | Rare | Rare | Rare |
When to Seek Veterinary Care
It’s crucial to consult a veterinarian if your dog is exhibiting symptoms of kennel cough, especially if:
- The cough is severe or persistent.
- The dog is having difficulty breathing.
- The dog is lethargic or has a decreased appetite.
- The dog has a fever.
- Symptoms persist despite treatment.
Prompt veterinary care can help prevent complications and ensure the dog receives appropriate treatment.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the incubation period for kennel cough?
The incubation period for kennel cough, the time between exposure and the appearance of symptoms, is typically 2 to 14 days. This means a dog can be infected and contagious for up to two weeks before showing any signs of illness.
Is kennel cough dangerous to humans?
Most of the pathogens responsible for kennel cough are not transmissible to humans. However, Bordetella bronchiseptica can, in rare cases, cause respiratory illness in people with weakened immune systems.
How long is a dog contagious with kennel cough?
Dogs with kennel cough can remain contagious for several weeks, even after symptoms have subsided. The duration of contagiousness varies depending on the specific pathogen involved and the dog’s individual immune response, but it’s generally recommended to keep infected dogs isolated for at least 2-3 weeks.
Can my dog get kennel cough even if vaccinated?
Yes, vaccination against kennel cough doesn’t guarantee complete immunity. Vaccines protect against the most common strains of kennel cough, but dogs can still contract the disease from other pathogens not covered by the vaccine. However, vaccination usually results in milder symptoms and a shorter duration of illness.
What are the long-term effects of kennel cough?
In most cases, kennel cough resolves completely without any long-term effects. However, in severe cases, especially in young puppies or dogs with underlying health conditions, kennel cough can lead to pneumonia or chronic bronchitis.
What should I do if my dog has kennel cough?
If you suspect your dog has kennel cough, isolate them from other dogs to prevent further spread. Contact your veterinarian for a diagnosis and treatment plan. Follow your veterinarian’s instructions carefully, and ensure your dog gets plenty of rest and supportive care.
Is there a home remedy for kennel cough?
While some home remedies, such as humidifiers and honey, may provide some symptomatic relief, they are not a substitute for veterinary care. It’s essential to consult with a veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Can kennel cough spread to cats?
While Bordetella bronchiseptica is more common in dogs, it can sometimes infect cats. The symptoms in cats may include sneezing, coughing, and nasal discharge. If your cat is showing these signs, consult your veterinarian.
How can I prevent kennel cough from spreading in my home?
To prevent the spread of kennel cough, isolate infected dogs from other pets. Wash your hands thoroughly after handling an infected dog. Disinfect surfaces and objects that may have come into contact with the dog.
Why does kennel cough seem to be going around all the time?
Kennel cough is highly contagious and can be spread through airborne droplets, direct contact, and contaminated surfaces. Because many dogs are asymptomatic carriers, the disease can persist in the dog population.
How is kennel cough diagnosed?
A veterinarian will typically diagnose kennel cough based on the dog’s clinical signs and a physical examination. In some cases, diagnostic tests, such as a tracheal wash or bacterial culture, may be performed to identify the specific pathogen involved.
What is the most effective treatment for kennel cough?
The most effective treatment for kennel cough depends on the severity of the infection and the specific pathogens involved. Treatment may include cough suppressants, antibiotics (for bacterial infections), and supportive care. Your veterinarian will determine the most appropriate course of treatment for your dog. And to reiterate, while technically can a dog get kennel cough twice in a month?, it is highly unlikely that it’s a completely new infection, and should be evaluated by a veterinarian to rule out underlying health issues.