Is It Safe for Dogs to Chew on Old Bones? The Bone-Chilling Truth
The answer is complex, but in short: it’s generally not OK for dogs to chew on old bones. While chewing can offer some benefits, the risks often outweigh them, especially with cooked or brittle bones.
The Canine Craving for Bones: An Ancient Instinct
The ancestral connection between dogs and bones is undeniable. Wild canids naturally consume bones as part of their prey, providing essential nutrients and fulfilling their chewing instincts. This instinctive drive persists in our domesticated companions, making bones an appealing, albeit potentially dangerous, chew toy.
Potential Benefits of Bone Chewing
When considered carefully and under supervision, bone chewing can offer several advantages:
- Dental Health: Chewing helps scrape away plaque and tartar buildup, promoting healthy teeth and gums.
- Mental Stimulation: The act of gnawing can be mentally stimulating for dogs, reducing boredom and anxiety.
- Nutritional Supplement: Raw, meaty bones can provide trace minerals like calcium and phosphorus. However, this is generally not a primary food source.
Why Old or Cooked Bones Are a Risky Proposition
The key danger lies in the changed composition of bones after cooking or aging.
- Brittleness: Cooking significantly alters bone structure, making them brittle and prone to splintering. These splinters can cause serious internal injuries, including:
- Mouth lacerations
- Esophageal punctures
- Intestinal perforations
- Constipation or obstruction
- Choking Hazard: Larger pieces of bone can become lodged in the throat, posing a choking risk.
- Bacterial Contamination: Old bones, particularly those left outdoors, can harbor harmful bacteria like Salmonella and E. coli.
- Damage to Existing Dental Work: Hard bones can damage or dislodge fillings, crowns, or other dental work.
Identifying Safe Bone Options (If Any)
If you decide to offer your dog a bone, it’s crucial to choose appropriate and safe options. Always supervise your dog while they are chewing on a bone.
- Raw, Meaty Bones: These are generally considered safer than cooked bones, as they are less likely to splinter. Always source them from a reputable supplier and follow safe handling practices to prevent bacterial contamination. Consider bones like beef femurs, knuckles, or ribs. Choose bones that are appropriately sized for your dog to prevent swallowing whole.
- Size Matters: Select a bone that is larger than your dog’s mouth to prevent them from swallowing it whole.
- Avoid Weight-Bearing Bones: These bones are denser and more likely to cause dental fractures.
- Monitor Chewing: Supervise your dog closely while they chew, and remove the bone if it becomes too small or splintered.
- Consider Alternatives: Explore safer alternatives like dental chews, puzzle toys, or durable rubber toys.
A Comparative Look: Raw vs. Cooked Bones
| Feature | Raw Bones | Cooked Bones |
|---|---|---|
| —————– | —————————————— | ——————————————- |
| Splintering Risk | Lower | Higher |
| Digestibility | Better | Lower |
| Nutrient Content | Higher | Lower |
| Bacterial Risk | Present (requires careful handling) | Present (but less of a concern initially) |
| Overall Safety | Safer (with proper selection & supervision) | Generally unsafe |
The Role of Veterinary Advice
Before offering any bone to your dog, consult your veterinarian. They can assess your dog’s individual risk factors, such as dental health, digestive sensitivity, and chewing habits, and provide tailored recommendations.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Is it OK for dogs to chew on old bones if they’re from a butcher?
Even bones from a butcher can be dangerous if they’ve been cooked or are old. It’s crucial to ensure the bones are raw and from a trusted source who follows proper handling procedures. Never offer cooked bones, regardless of where they come from.
Can my dog get sick from chewing on old bones?
Yes, dogs can get sick from chewing on old bones. The primary risks include bacterial contamination, causing Salmonella or E. coli infections, as well as potential injuries from bone splinters. Symptoms can range from vomiting and diarrhea to more serious complications like intestinal blockage or peritonitis.
What are the symptoms of a dog who has swallowed a bone splinter?
Symptoms of bone splinter ingestion can vary but may include vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, lethargy, abdominal pain, straining to defecate, and blood in the stool. If you suspect your dog has swallowed a bone splinter, contact your veterinarian immediately.
Are some dog breeds more prone to problems from chewing bones?
While all dogs are at risk, certain breeds, particularly those with aggressive chewing habits or pre-existing dental issues, may be more susceptible to problems. Small dogs are also at a risk of consuming the whole bone.
Is it OK for dogs to chew on old bones if they are very large?
Even large bones can pose a risk if they are cooked or brittle. While a large bone may be less likely to be swallowed whole, it can still splinter, leading to oral injuries or intestinal problems.
What are the best alternatives to bones for dogs who love to chew?
Excellent alternatives to bones include durable rubber toys designed for chewing, dental chews specifically formulated for oral health, and puzzle toys that provide mental stimulation. Kong toys filled with peanut butter or other dog-safe treats can also satisfy chewing instincts.
How often can I give my dog a bone to chew on?
If you choose to offer bones at all, do so sparingly. A maximum of one or two times per week is generally recommended, but always monitor your dog closely and adjust based on their individual tolerance.
Can my dog chew on cooked chicken bones?
Never give your dog cooked chicken bones. Chicken bones are thin and very fragile, making them extremely prone to splintering. This poses a significant risk of internal injuries.
What should I do if my dog gets a bone stuck in their mouth?
Try to gently remove the bone yourself, if possible. If the bone is deeply lodged or you’re unable to remove it easily, seek immediate veterinary attention. Do not attempt to force the bone out, as this could cause further injury.
Are certain types of raw bones safer than others?
Yes. Raw, meaty bones like beef ribs, knuckles, or femurs are generally considered safer than weight-bearing bones or those with sharp edges. Choose bones appropriately sized for your dog, and always supervise their chewing. Never offer cooked or processed bones.
How do I properly disinfect bones for my dog?
It is not recommended to disinfect bones using harsh chemicals. For raw bones, rinse thoroughly with cold water. Always practice safe handling to prevent the spread of bacteria.
Is it OK for dogs to chew on old bones found in the yard?
No, it is absolutely not OK for dogs to chew on old bones found in the yard. These bones may be contaminated with bacteria, mold, or other harmful substances. Additionally, their age makes them more likely to be brittle and splinter. Throw them away immediately.