Can You Desensitize Yourself to Dog Allergies? Understanding Allergy Immunotherapy and Management
Yes, you can potentially desensitize yourself to dog allergies through allergy immunotherapy, also known as allergy shots or sublingual immunotherapy, which aims to reduce your sensitivity to dog allergens over time. This process requires guidance from an allergist.
Understanding Dog Allergies: A Background
Dog allergies are a common affliction, affecting millions worldwide. They’re not an allergy to the dog’s fur itself, but rather to proteins found in the dog’s dander (dead skin cells), saliva, and urine. These proteins, called allergens, trigger an immune response in sensitive individuals, leading to various uncomfortable symptoms. While completely eliminating the allergen source (rehoming the dog) is the most effective solution, many people seek ways to manage their allergies while keeping their furry companions.
Benefits of Desensitization to Dog Allergies
The primary benefit of desensitization, or allergy immunotherapy, is a reduction in allergy symptoms. This can lead to:
- Reduced need for antihistamines and other allergy medications.
- Improved quality of life, allowing for closer interaction with dogs.
- Decreased risk of developing other allergic conditions, such as asthma.
- Potential for long-term allergy relief, even after discontinuing treatment.
The Desensitization Process: Allergy Immunotherapy
Allergy immunotherapy aims to gradually train your immune system to tolerate dog allergens. Two primary methods are used:
- Allergy Shots (Subcutaneous Immunotherapy – SCIT): This involves regular injections of small, increasing doses of dog allergen extract. The process typically starts with weekly injections, gradually transitioning to monthly maintenance injections.
- Sublingual Immunotherapy (SLIT): This involves placing a tablet or liquid containing dog allergen extract under the tongue daily. It is generally considered safer than allergy shots and can be administered at home.
Regardless of the method, it’s essential to understand that desensitization is a gradual process that can take several months to years to show significant results.
Who is a Good Candidate?
Determining if you are a good candidate for allergy immunotherapy requires evaluation by an allergist. Factors considered include:
- Severity of your dog allergy symptoms.
- Response to other allergy treatments (e.g., antihistamines).
- Commitment to the long-term treatment schedule.
- Overall health and medical history.
Immunotherapy is generally not recommended for individuals with certain medical conditions, such as severe asthma, autoimmune diseases, or those taking beta-blockers. Pregnant women should also consult with their doctor before starting immunotherapy.
Important Considerations Before Starting Immunotherapy
Before embarking on desensitization, consider the following:
- Time Commitment: Immunotherapy requires a significant time commitment for regular doctor visits (for shots) or daily administration (for SLIT).
- Cost: Immunotherapy can be expensive, depending on the treatment method and insurance coverage.
- Potential Side Effects: While generally safe, immunotherapy can cause side effects, such as redness, swelling, or itching at the injection site (for SCIT) or mouth irritation (for SLIT). More serious allergic reactions are rare but possible, especially with allergy shots.
- Success Rate: Immunotherapy is not guaranteed to be effective for everyone. The success rate varies depending on individual factors and the severity of the allergy.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Skipping Doses: Consistency is crucial for successful desensitization. Missing doses can disrupt the process and reduce its effectiveness.
- Not Following Doctor’s Instructions: Adhering to your allergist’s instructions regarding dosage, administration, and monitoring is essential.
- Expecting Immediate Results: Desensitization takes time. Be patient and realistic about the expected timeline for symptom improvement.
- Stopping Treatment Prematurely: Discontinuing immunotherapy before completing the recommended course can lead to a relapse of allergy symptoms.
Environmental Control Measures
While Can you desensitize yourself to dog allergies? is a valid question answered by immunotherapy, it’s important to note that environmental control measures play a vital role in managing allergy symptoms.
- Regular Cleaning: Vacuum frequently with a HEPA filter vacuum cleaner, and wash bedding and upholstery regularly to remove allergens.
- Air Purifiers: Use air purifiers with HEPA filters to reduce airborne allergens.
- Restricting Dog Access: Limit your dog’s access to bedrooms and other areas where you spend a lot of time.
- Bathing Your Dog Regularly: Bathing your dog weekly can help reduce dander.
- Hard Flooring: Replace carpets with hard flooring, which is easier to clean and less likely to trap allergens.
Comparing SCIT and SLIT
The table below provides a comparison between allergy shots (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT).
| Feature | Allergy Shots (SCIT) | Sublingual Immunotherapy (SLIT) |
|---|---|---|
| —————– | —————————– | ——————————– |
| Administration | Injection in doctor’s office | Tablet or liquid under the tongue at home |
| Safety | Higher risk of allergic reactions | Lower risk of allergic reactions |
| Convenience | Less convenient | More convenient |
| Cost | Can be more expensive | Can be less expensive |
| Doctor’s Visits | More frequent | Less frequent |
| FDA Approval | Approved for some allergens | Approved for some allergens |
| Efficacy | Generally highly effective | Effective, but may vary |
Monitoring Your Progress
Regular check-ups with your allergist are essential to monitor your progress and adjust your treatment plan as needed. Keep track of your symptoms and medication usage to provide valuable feedback to your doctor. Consistent communication with your allergist is key to successful allergy desensitization.
Can you desensitize yourself to dog allergies? – Conclusion
While rehoming a pet is often recommended for severe allergies, it’s not always desirable or feasible. Immunotherapy offers a promising option for individuals seeking to reduce their sensitivity to dog allergens and improve their quality of life. Remember that desensitization is a gradual process that requires patience, commitment, and close collaboration with your allergist.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
How long does it take to see results from allergy immunotherapy?
Results vary from person to person, but most people start to experience noticeable symptom improvement within 6-12 months of starting immunotherapy. Complete desensitization can take several years.
Are there any risks associated with allergy shots?
Allergy shots carry a small risk of allergic reactions, including localized skin reactions and, in rare cases, anaphylaxis. However, these reactions are usually mild and manageable. Your allergist will monitor you closely after each injection.
Can I stop taking allergy medications while undergoing immunotherapy?
The goal of immunotherapy is to reduce or eliminate the need for allergy medications. However, you may still need to take medications occasionally, especially during the initial stages of treatment. Your allergist will advise you on when and how to adjust your medication usage.
Is sublingual immunotherapy safe for children?
Sublingual immunotherapy is generally considered safe for children with dog allergies. However, it’s essential to consult with a pediatric allergist to determine the appropriate dosage and monitor for any potential side effects.
Does desensitization permanently cure dog allergies?
While immunotherapy can provide long-term allergy relief, it’s not always a permanent cure. Some individuals may experience a relapse of symptoms after discontinuing treatment, although symptoms are often less severe than before.
Can you develop new allergies while undergoing immunotherapy?
It is possible to develop new allergies while undergoing immunotherapy, but it’s not directly caused by the treatment itself. Allergies can develop at any time in life.
What happens if I miss a dose of sublingual immunotherapy?
If you miss a dose of sublingual immunotherapy, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for the missed one.
Can I get immunotherapy if I have asthma?
Individuals with asthma can often receive immunotherapy, but their asthma must be well-controlled. Your allergist will carefully assess your asthma and adjust your treatment plan accordingly.
Are there alternative therapies for dog allergies besides immunotherapy?
Other therapies for dog allergies include antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids, and leukotriene modifiers. However, these medications only treat the symptoms and do not address the underlying cause of the allergy.
How often should I bathe my dog to reduce allergens?
Bathing your dog weekly can help reduce dander and allergens. Use a hypoallergenic dog shampoo to avoid irritating their skin.
Can air purifiers really help with dog allergies?
Air purifiers with HEPA filters can effectively remove airborne dog allergens, such as dander, from your home. This can help reduce allergy symptoms.
What is the best way to find a qualified allergist for immunotherapy?
Ask your primary care physician for a referral to a board-certified allergist. You can also search online directories or contact your insurance provider for a list of in-network allergists.