What Can I Give My Dog To Throw Up? Understanding Emetics for Canines
If your dog has ingested something potentially toxic, inducing vomiting under strict veterinary guidance may be necessary. The question, “What can I give my dog to throw up?” is critical, but only under the direction of a veterinarian; never attempt to induce vomiting without professional advice.
Why Might You Need to Induce Vomiting in a Dog?
Inducing vomiting, also known as emesis, in dogs is a serious matter. It’s not a home remedy for every stomach upset. It’s a specific intervention used when a dog has ingested a potentially toxic substance, and a veterinarian deems it the safest course of action. Consider it a race against time. Some toxins are absorbed quickly, rendering emesis ineffective and potentially making the situation worse.
Several factors determine whether inducing vomiting is the right approach. These include:
- The type of substance ingested: Some substances, like corrosives (e.g., drain cleaner) or petroleum products, can cause further damage to the esophagus if vomited.
- The time elapsed since ingestion: Generally, inducing vomiting is only effective within a few hours of ingestion.
- The dog’s overall health: Certain medical conditions can make inducing vomiting dangerous.
- The dog’s breed: Brachycephalic (short-nosed) breeds like Bulldogs and Pugs are often not good candidates because of increased aspiration risk.
Options Under Veterinary Supervision
The most reliable and safest emetics (vomit-inducing agents) are administered by a veterinarian. These include:
- Apomorphine: This is a commonly used emetic given by injection in a veterinary clinic. It works by stimulating the vomiting center in the brain. It’s considered very effective.
- Xylazine: Another injectable emetic, Xylazine also has sedative properties. It’s typically used in cats, but can also be used in dogs under certain circumstances.
- Hydrogen Peroxide (3% solution): While sometimes recommended as a home remedy, it should only be used under the explicit direction of a veterinarian. The dosage and administration must be precise to avoid complications.
Hydrogen Peroxide: A Closer Look (Use Only with Vet Approval)
Hydrogen peroxide (3% solution) is sometimes suggested for home use, but again, only under the direct instruction of your veterinarian. It works by irritating the lining of the stomach, triggering the vomiting reflex.
Important Considerations:
- Dosage: The recommended dosage is generally 1 ml per pound of body weight, but not to exceed 45 ml total, administered orally.
- Administration: Use a syringe (without a needle) or a turkey baster to administer the hydrogen peroxide into the back of the dog’s throat.
- Effectiveness: It may take 15-20 minutes to work.
- Repeat Dose: If vomiting doesn’t occur within 15 minutes, a second dose may be given, but only if directed by your vet. Don’t exceed two doses total.
What NOT to Use
Several substances are dangerous and should never be used to induce vomiting in dogs:
- Salt Water: Salt water can cause sodium poisoning, which can be fatal.
- Syrup of Ipecac: This is outdated and potentially harmful.
- Fingers down the throat: This is ineffective and can cause injury to both you and your dog.
When Inducing Vomiting is Contraindicated
There are situations where inducing vomiting can be more harmful than beneficial. Never induce vomiting if:
- The dog is unconscious, semi-conscious, or having seizures.
- The dog is having difficulty breathing.
- The dog has ingested a corrosive substance (acid or alkali).
- The dog has ingested a petroleum product (gasoline, kerosene).
- The dog has ingested a sharp object.
- The dog has certain medical conditions, such as megaesophagus.
Precautions and Monitoring
If your veterinarian approves the use of hydrogen peroxide, carefully monitor your dog for any adverse reactions. Common side effects include:
- Excessive drooling
- Mild nausea
- Lethargy
Seek immediate veterinary attention if you observe:
- Difficulty breathing
- Prolonged or forceful vomiting
- Blood in the vomit
- Weakness or collapse
Clean Up and Post-Emesis Care
After your dog vomits, clean up the area thoroughly to prevent them (or other pets) from re-ingesting the vomited material. Withhold food for at least 12 hours, and then offer a bland diet, such as boiled chicken and rice, in small amounts. Continue monitoring your dog for any signs of illness. If they remain unwell, seek immediate veterinary care.
Prevention is Key
The best way to avoid needing to induce vomiting is to prevent your dog from ingesting dangerous substances in the first place. Keep all medications, cleaning products, and potentially toxic items out of reach. Be vigilant when walking your dog in areas where they might encounter poisonous plants or other hazards.
Frequently Asked Questions
Will my dog always throw up when I give them hydrogen peroxide?
No, hydrogen peroxide is not guaranteed to induce vomiting. Its effectiveness can vary depending on several factors, including the amount ingested, the dog’s individual physiology, and whether they have food in their stomach. Always follow your veterinarian’s instructions carefully.
How quickly should hydrogen peroxide work?
Typically, hydrogen peroxide should induce vomiting within 15-20 minutes. If your dog hasn’t vomited after this time, and your veterinarian has authorized a second dose, you may administer another dose. Never administer more than two doses.
What if my dog vomits multiple times?
Multiple vomiting episodes are not uncommon after inducing emesis. However, if your dog continues to vomit excessively or appears distressed, contact your veterinarian immediately. Prolonged vomiting can lead to dehydration and other complications.
Can I use any concentration of hydrogen peroxide?
No! Only use a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide. Higher concentrations can cause severe burns to the esophagus and stomach. Always check the concentration before administering.
Is it safe to induce vomiting in a puppy?
Inducing vomiting in puppies can be riskier than in adult dogs. Puppies are more susceptible to dehydration and aspiration. Always consult with a veterinarian before attempting to induce vomiting in a puppy.
What should I do if my dog doesn’t throw up after two doses of hydrogen peroxide?
If your dog hasn’t vomited after two doses of hydrogen peroxide (administered under veterinary guidance), do not give any more. Seek immediate veterinary care. The veterinarian may need to use a more potent emetic or provide other treatments.
What are the risks of inducing vomiting?
The risks of inducing vomiting include aspiration pneumonia (where vomit enters the lungs), dehydration, and damage to the esophagus. These risks are heightened if done improperly or without veterinary guidance.
What can I do to prepare for a potential poisoning situation?
Keep the phone number of your local veterinarian, emergency veterinary clinic, and the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (888-426-4435) readily available. Knowing the name of the suspected toxin and the approximate amount ingested is also helpful.
How can I tell if my dog has been poisoned?
Signs of poisoning can vary depending on the substance ingested. Common symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, drooling, weakness, tremors, seizures, difficulty breathing, and collapse. If you suspect your dog has been poisoned, seek immediate veterinary care.
Is it better to just take my dog to the vet right away if they eat something they shouldn’t?
In many cases, yes. It’s often better to take your dog to the vet immediately if they’ve ingested something potentially toxic, rather than attempting to induce vomiting at home without guidance. The veterinarian can assess the situation and determine the best course of action.
What is aspiration pneumonia and why is it dangerous?
Aspiration pneumonia occurs when food, liquid, or vomit enters the lungs. It can cause severe inflammation and infection, making it difficult for the dog to breathe. It’s a serious complication that can be life-threatening and requires immediate veterinary treatment.
Besides poisoning, what else could be causing my dog to vomit?
There are numerous causes for vomiting in dogs besides poisoning, including dietary indiscretion (eating something they shouldn’t), infections, parasites, pancreatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and other medical conditions. If your dog is vomiting frequently or exhibiting other signs of illness, consult with your veterinarian to determine the underlying cause.