How to Clean an Above Ground Pool with Algae? A Comprehensive Guide
Cleaning an above ground pool plagued by algae requires a multi-pronged approach: kill the algae, remove it, and then prevent its return. This process typically involves shocking the pool with a powerful algaecide or chlorine, thoroughly brushing the surfaces, vacuuming up the dead algae, and balancing the pool’s water chemistry to prevent future blooms.
Understanding Algae in Above Ground Pools
Algae, a microscopic plant life, thrives in warm, sunny, and nutrient-rich environments. Swimming pools provide this ideal breeding ground, especially when sanitation levels are inadequate or water chemistry is imbalanced. Recognizing the different types of algae and understanding their characteristics is crucial for effective treatment.
Types of Algae
- Green Algae: The most common type, easily identifiable by its green tint. It often floats freely in the water, making it cloudy and uninviting.
- Yellow (Mustard) Algae: Resembles pollen or sand on the pool’s walls, particularly in shaded areas. More resistant to chlorine than green algae.
- Black Algae: The most stubborn, appearing as dark, raised spots embedded in the pool’s surface. Requires aggressive treatment to eradicate completely.
The Step-by-Step Algae Removal Process
Successfully eliminating algae from your above ground pool requires a systematic approach. Skipping steps or cutting corners will likely result in a recurring problem.
1. Testing and Balancing the Water
Before tackling the algae, it’s critical to test your water’s chemistry. Use a reliable test kit (strips or liquid test kit) to measure:
- pH: Aim for 7.2-7.6
- Alkalinity: Ideal range is 80-120 ppm
- Calcium Hardness: Aim for 200-400 ppm
- Sanitizer (Chlorine or Biguanide): Adjust according to your pool’s sanitation system.
Adjust these levels before proceeding with algae treatment, as imbalanced water can hinder the effectiveness of algaecides.
2. Brushing the Pool Surfaces
Thoroughly brush the walls, floor, and ladder of your pool with a stiff-bristled brush. This loosens the algae, making it more susceptible to chemical treatment and easier to vacuum up later. Pay particular attention to corners, seams, and areas prone to algae growth.
3. Shocking the Pool
Shocking involves adding a high dose of chlorine or a non-chlorine shock to kill the algae.
- Calculate the correct shock dosage: Follow the instructions on your chosen shock product carefully. Over-shocking can damage your pool liner.
- Add shock in the evening: Sunlight degrades chlorine, making it less effective.
- Run the pump: Ensure proper circulation for at least 8 hours after shocking.
- Consider the Algae Type: For stubborn algae like mustard or black algae, a double or even triple shock treatment may be necessary.
4. Adding Algaecide (Optional but Recommended)
After shocking, adding an algaecide can further assist in eliminating the algae. Choose an algaecide specifically designed for your type of algae. Follow the product instructions precisely.
5. Vacuuming the Pool
Once the algae is dead (it will likely turn white or gray), vacuum the pool thoroughly. Use a manual pool vacuum if you have a heavy algae infestation to avoid clogging your filter. Vacuum to waste if possible.
6. Cleaning the Filter
After vacuuming, clean or backwash your pool filter to remove the dead algae and debris. This is essential for maintaining clear water and preventing the algae from returning.
7. Re-Testing and Re-Balancing the Water
After completing the cleaning process, re-test your water chemistry and make any necessary adjustments. Maintaining balanced water is crucial for preventing future algae blooms.
Preventing Algae Growth in the Future
Prevention is always better than cure. Implementing these strategies can help keep your above ground pool algae-free.
Regular Maintenance
- Regularly test and balance your water chemistry.
- Maintain adequate sanitizer levels.
- Brush and vacuum your pool regularly.
- Clean your filter frequently.
Circulation and Filtration
- Ensure proper water circulation by running your pump for at least 8-12 hours per day.
- Upgrade your filter if it’s undersized for your pool.
Algae Inhibitors
- Consider using a preventative algaecide as part of your regular maintenance routine.
Other Tips
- Remove debris such as leaves and twigs from the pool regularly.
- Use a pool cover when the pool is not in use to reduce sunlight exposure and debris accumulation.
- Wash swimwear after each use to remove any algae spores or contaminants.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. How long does it take to get rid of algae in an above ground pool?
The timeline varies depending on the severity of the algae bloom and the chosen treatment method. Mild green algae infestations may clear up in 1-3 days, while stubborn black algae could take a week or longer. Multiple treatments and consistent maintenance are often necessary.
2. Can I swim in the pool after shocking it?
No, you should not swim in the pool immediately after shocking it. Wait until the chlorine level returns to the safe range (1-3 ppm for chlorine pools). Test the water before allowing anyone to enter.
3. What is the best algaecide for above ground pools?
The best algaecide depends on the type of algae you’re dealing with. Copper-based algaecides are effective against green algae, while quaternary ammonium algaecides (quats) are often used for mustard algae. For black algae, a specialized black algae killer is recommended. Always follow product instructions carefully.
4. Why does algae keep coming back in my pool?
Recurring algae blooms often indicate an underlying problem, such as inadequate sanitation, imbalanced water chemistry, poor circulation, or a clogged filter. Addressing these issues is crucial for long-term algae control.
5. Can I use baking soda to kill algae in my pool?
Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) primarily increases alkalinity, which in turn can raise pH. While a high pH can indirectly inhibit algae growth, baking soda is not a direct algaecide. It’s best used for balancing alkalinity, not for algae removal.
6. How do I know if my pool filter is working correctly?
Signs of a malfunctioning filter include cloudy water, reduced water circulation, and frequent pressure buildup in the filter. Check the filter pressure gauge and follow the manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning or backwashing. Consider replacing the filter media if it’s old or damaged.
7. What is the difference between shock and algaecide?
Shock is a concentrated dose of sanitizer used to kill algae and bacteria rapidly. Algaecide is a chemical specifically designed to kill or inhibit algae growth. Shocking is typically the first step in algae treatment, while algaecide can be used as a follow-up treatment or preventative measure.
8. Can I use too much shock in my pool?
Yes, over-shocking can damage your pool liner, fade swimwear, and irritate skin and eyes. Always follow the product instructions carefully and avoid exceeding the recommended dosage.
9. What is the best way to prevent algae growth in a saltwater pool?
Maintaining proper salinity levels (typically 2500-4500 ppm) is essential for saltwater chlorine generators to produce sufficient chlorine. Regularly test and balance your water chemistry, clean your salt cell, and consider using a preventative algaecide specifically designed for saltwater pools.
10. Can I use a pool cover to prevent algae growth?
Yes, a pool cover can help prevent algae growth by blocking sunlight, which algae needs to photosynthesize. Ensure the cover fits snugly and is cleaned regularly to prevent debris from accumulating.
11. What is the role of cyanuric acid (stabilizer) in algae prevention?
Cyanuric acid (CYA) protects chlorine from degradation by sunlight, extending its effectiveness. However, excessively high CYA levels can reduce chlorine’s sanitizing power, making the pool more susceptible to algae growth. Aim for a CYA level of 30-50 ppm.
12. How often should I backwash my pool filter when dealing with algae?
During an algae bloom, you may need to backwash your filter more frequently than usual (every 1-3 days) to remove the dead algae and debris. Monitor the filter pressure gauge and backwash when the pressure increases by 8-10 psi above the normal operating pressure.