Should a Hedgehog House Have a Base? The Great Debate
A hedgehog house should not typically have a solid base, as this can trap moisture and hinder natural drainage, potentially creating an unhealthy environment for the hedgehogs. This article will delve into the pros and cons of different base designs, offering expert guidance on creating the ideal hedgehog home.
Hedgehog Housing: A Growing Need
Hedgehog populations are sadly declining across the UK and Europe due to habitat loss, pesticide use, and road traffic. Providing safe havens in gardens is crucial for their survival. Hedgehog houses offer shelter from predators, harsh weather, and provide a safe place for nesting and hibernation. Understanding the best design principles is key to creating a suitable habitat. The debate surrounding bases is central to this understanding.
The Pros and Cons of a Base
The primary argument against a solid base in a hedgehog house centers on drainage and ventilation. A solid base can trap moisture from rain, snow, or hedgehog waste. This can lead to a damp and unsanitary environment, increasing the risk of fungal infections and attracting parasites.
Here’s a quick comparison:
| Feature | Hedgehog House with Base (Solid) | Hedgehog House Without Base |
|---|---|---|
| —————- | ———————————– | —————————– |
| Drainage | Poor | Excellent |
| Ventilation | Limited | Good |
| Cleaning | More Difficult | Easier |
| Predator Access | Potentially Reduced | Depends on Design |
| Cost | Slightly Higher | Slightly Lower |
Pros of a Base (Potentially):
- Added stability on uneven ground.
- Potential barrier against burrowing predators (although a determined predator will likely dig around).
Cons of a Base:
- Poor drainage, leading to dampness and health risks.
- Difficult cleaning, as debris gets trapped.
- Increased risk of parasite and fungal growth.
Alternatives to a Solid Base
Instead of a solid base, consider these alternatives that promote drainage and ventilation:
- Open Base: The best option! Allows water to drain freely and air to circulate. Place the house on a bed of dry leaves or wood shavings.
- Mesh Base: Provides some structure while allowing for drainage. Choose a mesh with small enough openings to prevent hedgehog paws from getting stuck.
- Slightly Raised Base: Elevate the house slightly using bricks or wooden blocks to allow airflow underneath. This is helpful if the house must be placed on a damp surface.
Choosing the Right Materials
The materials used for a hedgehog house are crucial for its longevity and effectiveness.
- Wood: Untreated, FSC-certified timber is ideal. Avoid pressure-treated wood, which can contain harmful chemicals.
- Roofing: Felt, tiles, or a thick layer of vegetation can provide weather protection. Ensure the roofing material is waterproof.
- Insulation: Dry leaves, straw, or shredded paper provide excellent insulation during winter.
Best Practices for Hedgehog House Placement
The location of your hedgehog house is as important as its design.
- Choose a quiet, sheltered spot: Away from direct sunlight, strong winds, and heavy foot traffic.
- Place it near natural cover: Bushes, hedges, or a compost heap provide additional shelter and a source of food.
- Ensure easy access: Make sure there’s a clear path for hedgehogs to enter and exit the house.
- Camouflage it: Cover the house with leaves and twigs to make it less conspicuous to predators.
Why is Drainage So Important?
Consider a damp sponge. Over time it breeds mold and bacteria, creating an unhealthy environment. The same happens inside a hedgehog house with poor drainage. A dry, well-ventilated environment is essential for the health and well-being of the hedgehogs using it. Should a hedgehog house have a base? The overwhelming evidence suggests that an open or well-drained base is far superior.
Monitoring and Maintenance
Regularly check the hedgehog house for signs of dampness, pests, or damage. Clean it out annually, ideally in the spring after hibernation season has ended. Remove old bedding and droppings, and replace with fresh, dry materials.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the ideal size for a hedgehog house?
The internal dimensions should be approximately 30cm x 30cm x 20cm (length x width x height). This provides enough space for a hedgehog to nest comfortably. Larger houses may be too cold in winter.
How do I attract hedgehogs to my garden?
Provide a hedgehog-friendly garden with natural cover, a water source, and access holes in fences. Avoid using pesticides or slug pellets, which can harm hedgehogs.
What should I put inside a hedgehog house for bedding?
Dry leaves, straw, or shredded paper make excellent bedding materials. Avoid using hay, which can become moldy when wet.
How can I deter predators from accessing the hedgehog house?
A long entrance tunnel can help to deter predators such as cats and foxes. Camouflaging the house also helps to make it less visible.
How often should I clean a hedgehog house?
Clean the house annually, ideally in the spring after hibernation season has ended.
Should I feed hedgehogs?
You can provide supplemental food such as specialist hedgehog food, meat-based cat or dog food (not fish-based), or mealworms. Avoid milk and bread, which can upset their stomachs.
How do I know if a hedgehog is using my house?
Look for signs such as footprints, droppings, or disturbed bedding inside the house. You may also see hedgehogs entering or leaving the house at night.
What should I do if I find a sick or injured hedgehog?
Contact your local wildlife rescue center or veterinarian for advice. Do not attempt to treat the hedgehog yourself.
Is it safe to move a hedgehog house?
Avoid moving a hedgehog house if it is occupied. If you must move it, do so carefully and gently, and try to place it in a similar location.
Can I build a hedgehog house myself?
Yes! There are many online resources and plans available for building your own hedgehog house. Ensure that you follow the recommended dimensions and use safe materials.
What kind of roof is best for a hedgehog house?
A waterproof roof is essential. Felt, tiles, or a thick layer of vegetation all work well. Ensure the roof is securely attached to prevent leaks.
My hedgehog house is empty. What can I do?
Patience is key! It may take time for hedgehogs to discover your house. Ensure it is placed in a suitable location and provide a hedgehog-friendly garden. The answer to “Should a hedgehog house have a base?” will directly impact the appeal of your house too! An open base will make your house that much more attractive to a prickly visitor.