How to Catch Walleye on the River?
Catching walleye on the river requires understanding their behavior, river structure, and effective presentation techniques. By focusing on areas with current breaks, employing the right bait and presentation, and adapting to changing conditions, you can dramatically improve your walleye fishing success on any river system.
Understanding the River Walleye
River walleye are opportunistic predators, drawn to areas where current meets structure. These locations offer both ambush points and readily available forage. Successfully targeting them involves understanding their preferences and adapting your approach accordingly.
River Structure and Walleye Habitat
Walleye gravitate toward specific structures within a river system. Current breaks created by boulders, fallen trees (log jams), bridge pilings, and points are prime holding areas. These structures provide shelter from the relentless current, allowing walleye to conserve energy while waiting to ambush prey. Deep holes and eddies also offer refuge and can hold larger, more mature fish, especially during periods of high water or extreme temperatures. Look for seams – the distinct line where fast-moving current meets slower water – as these are highways for baitfish and ideal ambush spots for walleye.
Seasonal River Walleye Movements
Walleye behavior changes throughout the year. In the spring, walleye are often found near spawning grounds, typically gravel or rocky areas with moderate current. After spawning, they disperse, often moving downstream to deeper pools to recover. Summer finds them holding in cooler, deeper areas, often seeking refuge near structure to escape the heat. Fall is a prime time for river walleye fishing as they aggressively feed in preparation for winter. They may move upstream to shallower riffles as water temperatures cool, targeting baitfish congregating in these areas. Winter sees walleye seeking out the deepest, slowest-moving water, conserving energy.
Techniques for River Walleye Fishing
Several techniques are effective for catching walleye on the river. The best approach often depends on the water conditions, the time of year, and the walleye’s feeding behavior.
Jigging for River Walleye
Jigging is arguably the most versatile and effective method for catching walleye in rivers. The key to successful jigging is maintaining constant bottom contact while imparting an enticing action to the jig. This involves selecting the correct jig weight to match the current and depth. Typically, 1/4-ounce to 3/8-ounce jigs are a good starting point, but heavier weights may be needed in faster current. Pair your jig with a variety of plastics, such as curly tail grubs, paddle tails, or minnow imitations. Experiment with different colors and retrieves until you find what the walleye are responding to.
Rigging Live Bait
Live bait rigs are another highly effective method, especially when walleye are lethargic or the water is murky. Nightcrawlers, leeches, and minnows are all excellent choices. A live bait rig typically consists of a sliding sinker above a swivel, followed by a leader and a hook. The length of the leader depends on the current and the desired presentation. In slower currents, a longer leader can allow the bait to drift more naturally. Drifting the rig along the bottom, keeping it in contact with the structure, is a common technique.
Crankbait Trolling
Crankbait trolling can be highly effective for covering large areas of the river and locating active walleye. Choose crankbaits that dive to the desired depth and troll them slowly upstream or across the current. Experiment with different crankbait sizes, colors, and actions to find what the walleye are hitting. Using lead core line or downriggers can help you get your crankbaits down to the deeper holding areas.
Essential Gear for River Walleye Fishing
Having the right gear can significantly improve your chances of success when targeting walleye on the river.
Rods and Reels
A medium-power, fast-action rod is ideal for jigging and live bait rigging. This type of rod provides the sensitivity needed to detect subtle bites and the backbone to handle larger walleye. A spinning reel in the 2500 to 3000 size is a good all-around choice. For crankbait trolling, a medium-heavy power rod with a moderate action is preferred. A baitcasting reel is typically used for trolling crankbaits, as it allows for better control and more power.
Line and Leaders
Low-stretch lines such as fluorocarbon or braid are essential for jigging and live bait rigging. These lines provide excellent sensitivity and allow you to feel even the slightest bites. Fluorocarbon is also virtually invisible underwater, which can be a significant advantage in clear water. Use a fluorocarbon leader for added stealth, especially when using braided main lines. When trolling, monofilament or copolymer lines are suitable, as they offer more stretch and forgiveness.
Hooks and Terminal Tackle
Jigs with sharp, high-quality hooks are crucial for solid hooksets. Opt for barbless or pinched-barb hooks to minimize damage to the fish and facilitate easy release. Choose hooks that are appropriately sized for the bait you are using. A selection of sliding sinkers, swivels, and beads are essential for live bait rigging.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
FAQ 1: What is the best time of day to fish for walleye on the river?
Answer: Walleye are generally most active during low-light conditions, such as dawn, dusk, and overcast days. They also tend to feed more aggressively at night, particularly in clear water.
FAQ 2: What are the best water conditions for river walleye fishing?
Answer: Slightly stained water is often ideal for walleye fishing, as it provides them with some cover while still allowing them to see their prey. Clear water can be challenging, but using stealthy presentations and fluorocarbon leaders can improve your chances. High, muddy water can make fishing difficult, but focusing on areas with reduced current can still produce results.
FAQ 3: What is the best bait for river walleye?
Answer: There’s no single “best” bait, as walleye preferences can vary. Live minnows, nightcrawlers, and leeches are all excellent choices. Artificial lures such as jigs, crankbaits, and swimbaits are also highly effective. Experiment with different options to see what the walleye are responding to on any given day.
FAQ 4: How do I select the right jig weight for river walleye fishing?
Answer: The key is to select a jig weight that allows you to maintain contact with the bottom without dragging excessively. Start with a 1/4-ounce or 3/8-ounce jig and increase the weight as needed to compensate for the current.
FAQ 5: What is the best way to detect a walleye bite on the river?
Answer: Walleye bites can be subtle, especially in cold water. Pay close attention to your line and rod tip for any signs of a strike. Often, a walleye bite will feel like a slight tap or a sudden increase in weight. Set the hook immediately when you suspect a bite.
FAQ 6: What is the best presentation for river walleye fishing?
Answer: The best presentation depends on the water conditions, the time of year, and the walleye’s feeding behavior. Jigging vertically, drifting live bait rigs, and trolling crankbaits are all effective options. Experiment with different presentations to find what works best.
FAQ 7: How deep should I fish for walleye on the river?
Answer: Walleye can be found at various depths, depending on the water conditions and the structure available. Start by targeting the deepest areas near structure and work your way shallower until you find the fish.
FAQ 8: What is the best color for walleye lures?
Answer: Color preferences can vary, but bright colors such as chartreuse, orange, and yellow are often effective in stained water. Natural colors such as silver, gold, and brown can work well in clear water. Experiment with different colors to see what the walleye are responding to.
FAQ 9: How do I find walleye on a new river?
Answer: Start by studying a topographical map of the river to identify potential walleye holding areas, such as deep holes, current breaks, and points. Use your electronics (fish finder) to locate structure and baitfish. Talk to local anglers and tackle shop owners for tips and information.
FAQ 10: What is the best way to handle and release walleye?
Answer: Handle walleye gently to minimize stress. Use a rubberized net to avoid damaging their scales. Wet your hands before handling the fish. Remove the hook carefully, using pliers if necessary. Hold the fish horizontally and support its belly. Allow the fish to recover before releasing it back into the water.
FAQ 11: What are the regulations for walleye fishing in my area?
Answer: Always check your local fishing regulations before heading out to fish. Regulations may vary depending on the specific river or lake and can include information about size limits, creel limits, and closed seasons.
FAQ 12: Can I catch walleye from shore on the river?
Answer: Yes, you can absolutely catch walleye from shore on the river. Focus on areas with easy access to deep water, such as bridges, dams, and piers. Cast upstream and retrieve your lure or bait with the current.