How High Is High Enough? Building a Coyote-Proof Fence
To effectively deter coyotes, a fence should be at least 6 feet tall, though an 8-foot fence is recommended in areas with high coyote pressure. A combination of height and additional deterrents, like buried mesh and outward-facing barriers, significantly increases its effectiveness.
Understanding the Coyote Challenge
Coyotes, increasingly common in both rural and urban environments, pose a threat to pets and livestock. Understanding their behavior and capabilities is crucial when designing effective fencing. Coyotes are intelligent, adaptable, and athletic predators, capable of jumping, climbing, and digging. Therefore, a simple barrier isn’t always enough.
Factors Influencing Fence Height
Several factors influence how tall a fence should be to keep coyotes away. These include:
- Coyote Population Density: Areas with higher coyote populations require more robust fencing.
- Terrain: Sloping or uneven terrain can allow coyotes to gain a height advantage.
- Neighboring Land Use: If neighboring properties have attractants like food sources, coyotes will be more motivated to breach your fence.
- Existing Vegetation: Trees or shrubs near the fence can provide coyotes with a climbing assist.
Beyond Height: Comprehensive Coyote Deterrence
While height is paramount, relying solely on a tall fence isn’t always sufficient. Integrating additional deterrents significantly enhances its effectiveness:
- Buried Mesh: Extend wire mesh at least 12 inches underground, curving outward, to prevent digging.
- Outward-Facing Barrier: Adding an outward-facing overhang or “L-footer” at the top of the fence, at least 12 inches wide, makes it difficult for coyotes to climb over.
- Electric Fencing: A low-voltage electric wire running along the top of the fence provides an unpleasant but harmless shock, deterring climbing.
- Rollers: Install rollers along the top of the fence to prevent coyotes from gaining purchase for climbing.
Material Matters
The material used for your fence is also critical. Chain-link, woven wire, and solid wood are all effective options when properly installed. Avoid fences with large gaps or loose sections that coyotes can exploit.
Building a Coyote-Resistant Fence: Step-by-Step
- Plan Your Fence Line: Consider terrain, vegetation, and potential weak points.
- Choose Materials: Select sturdy materials like chain-link or woven wire with small openings.
- Dig a Trench: Excavate a trench at least 12 inches deep along the fence line.
- Install Posts: Set posts securely in concrete, spacing them according to the fence material’s recommendations.
- Attach Mesh: Securely attach the fence mesh to the posts, ensuring it extends into the trench.
- Bury Mesh: Backfill the trench, curving the mesh outward to create an underground barrier.
- Add Outward-Facing Barrier (Optional): Install an “L-footer” or electric wire along the top.
- Inspect Regularly: Check the fence for damage and make repairs promptly.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Ignoring the Digging Threat: Failing to bury mesh is a common mistake.
- Gaps in the Fence: Small gaps can be exploited by smaller coyotes or pups.
- Neglecting Maintenance: A damaged fence is an invitation for coyotes.
- Providing Food Sources: Leaving pet food or garbage outside attracts coyotes.
Table: Coyote Fence Comparison
| Feature | Minimal Protection (6ft) | Enhanced Protection (8ft + Dig Barrier) | Optimal Protection (8ft + Dig + Outward Barrier) |
|---|---|---|---|
| —————— | ———————— | —————————————– | ————————————————- |
| Height | 6 feet | 8 feet | 8 feet |
| Dig Barrier | No | Yes (12″ buried, outward) | Yes (12″ buried, outward) |
| Outward Barrier | No | No | Yes (L-footer or electric wire) |
| Cost | Lower | Moderate | Higher |
| Effectiveness | Moderate | High | Very High |
FAQs: Coyote Fence Insights
What is the bare minimum height for a coyote fence?
While a 6-foot fence is often considered the minimum height, it’s important to remember that this provides only a basic level of protection. Additional measures, such as buried mesh, are crucial to prevent digging.
Can coyotes climb fences?
Yes, coyotes are capable climbers, especially if they can find purchase on the fence material or nearby vegetation. Smooth surfaces and outward-facing barriers can deter climbing.
How deep should I bury the fence to prevent coyotes from digging?
The fence should be buried at least 12 inches deep, and ideally, the buried portion should curve outward to make digging more difficult. This creates a deterrent barrier that discourages coyotes from attempting to dig under the fence.
Will an electric fence keep coyotes away?
Yes, an electric fence, especially when used in conjunction with other deterrents, can be very effective. The low-voltage shock is unpleasant but harmless, and it teaches coyotes to avoid the fence.
What type of fence material is best for keeping coyotes out?
Chain-link and woven wire are excellent choices due to their strength and small openings. Solid wood fences can also be effective, but they may be more expensive. Avoid fences with large gaps that coyotes can squeeze through.
Is an 8-foot fence always necessary?
While an 8-foot fence provides superior protection, it may not be necessary in all situations. Consider the coyote pressure in your area, the terrain, and the presence of other attractants.
How often should I inspect my coyote fence?
Regular inspection is crucial to ensure that the fence remains intact and effective. Check for damage, gaps, and signs of digging at least once a month, and more frequently after storms.
What are some signs that coyotes are trying to get into my yard?
Signs of coyote activity include digging near the fence, tracks in the yard, and the presence of scat (coyote droppings). You may also hear coyotes howling or see them lurking near the fence.
Does having a dog deter coyotes?
While some dogs may deter coyotes, others may become targets. Never rely solely on a dog to protect your property. Properly secured fencing is a more reliable deterrent.
What can I do about coyotes besides building a fence?
In addition to fencing, remove potential food sources, such as pet food, garbage, and fallen fruit. Trim vegetation to eliminate hiding places, and consider using motion-activated lights or noise deterrents.
If I have a small yard, does the same fence height apply?
Yes, the same principles apply regardless of yard size. How tall a fence should be to keep coyotes away remains consistent: aim for at least 6 feet, preferably 8 feet, with additional deterrents.
Are there any plants that deter coyotes?
While no plant is guaranteed to keep coyotes away, some plants, like thorny shrubs and prickly hedges, can make it less appealing for coyotes to approach your property. Use these as additional barriers but don’t rely on them as a primary defense.