What to Do With Your Boat During a Hurricane: A Comprehensive Guide
The single most important factor in protecting your boat during a hurricane is having a well-defined, pre-existing hurricane plan and executing it early. That plan should be tailored to your boat, your location, and the expected strength and path of the storm.
Understanding the Threat: Hurricane Preparedness for Boaters
Hurricanes present a multi-faceted threat to boats: storm surge, high winds, and debris. Storm surge can lift boats from their moorings, sending them inland or causing them to collide with other vessels and structures. High winds can tear apart canvas, rigging, and even hulls. Debris carried by the wind and water can cause significant damage. Ignoring these threats can lead to catastrophic losses. This is why early and decisive action is paramount.
In-Water Strategies: Riding Out the Storm Afloat
If you choose to keep your boat in the water, meticulous preparation is crucial.
Doubling Up on Mooring
One of the first steps is to double or triple all mooring lines. Use the heaviest lines you can handle and chafe gear to protect them from abrasion. Distribute the load evenly among the lines. Consider running lines to adjacent pilings if possible, to spread the stress.
Spring Lines and Their Importance
Spring lines are critical in preventing the boat from surging forward or backward. These lines run diagonally from the bow to the stern and vice-versa, and they help to maintain the boat’s position relative to the dock or pilings. Ensure these are strong and well-protected.
Protecting Your Boat Against Surge
Anticipate the storm surge and adjust your mooring lines accordingly. Leave enough slack to allow the boat to rise with the water level, but not so much that it can collide with nearby objects. If possible, consider moving your boat to a more protected location within the marina, away from exposed areas.
Dangers of Staying Aboard
Under no circumstances should you remain aboard your boat during a hurricane. The risks are simply too great. Evacuate to a safe inland location well before the storm arrives. This isn’t just about protecting your boat; it’s about protecting your life.
Dry Storage: Hauling Out for Safety
Hauling your boat out of the water and securing it on land is often the safest option.
Choosing the Right Cradle or Stands
Ensure your boat is properly supported by a sturdy cradle or well-spaced stands. Consult with your marina or boatyard to determine the appropriate setup for your boat’s size and weight.
Securing the Boat on Land
Once on land, lash your boat securely to the cradle or stands. Use heavy-duty straps and consider tying the boat down to ground anchors if available. Remove all sails, canvas, and other detachable items that could be damaged by the wind. Avoid leaving anything loose that can become a projectile.
Location, Location, Location
Choose a storage location that is high and dry, away from potential flooding. Consider the prevailing wind direction and position the boat so that it presents the least surface area to the wind. An inland location offers added protection from storm surge.
Maintaining Vigilance After the Storm
Even after the storm has passed, continue to monitor your boat for any damage. High winds and surges can persist long after the eye has moved on. Conduct a thorough inspection before launching or returning to the vessel.
Preparing Your Boat: A Checklist for Success
Remove Sails and Canvas
Remove all sails, dodgers, Biminis, and other canvas coverings. These are extremely vulnerable to high winds and can be torn apart or blown away, causing further damage.
Secure Loose Gear
Stow all loose gear below deck or remove it from the boat entirely. Anything that can be blown around or washed overboard should be secured. This includes cushions, electronics, and personal belongings.
Disconnect Power and Water
Disconnect all shore power and water connections to prevent electrical hazards and water damage. Securely cap off any open through-hull fittings.
Take Photos and Document
Document the condition of your boat with photographs and videos before the storm. This will be helpful when filing insurance claims if any damage occurs.
Insurance Considerations: Protecting Your Investment
Review Your Policy
Thoroughly review your boat insurance policy to understand your coverage in the event of a hurricane. Pay attention to any exclusions or limitations, and make sure you are in compliance with all policy requirements.
Understand Your Deductible
Know your deductible and how it will be applied in the event of a claim. Some policies have separate deductibles for hurricane damage.
Communicate with Your Insurer
Keep your insurance company informed of your hurricane plan and any changes to your boat’s location or condition. This will help ensure a smooth claims process if necessary.
Learning from Experience: Case Studies and Lessons Learned
Numerous case studies highlight the importance of proper hurricane preparedness. Boats that are adequately secured and properly protected have a much better chance of surviving a hurricane with minimal damage. Conversely, boats that are poorly prepared are often severely damaged or destroyed. Learn from these experiences and take the necessary steps to protect your boat.
Conclusion: Proactive Planning is Key
Hurricane preparedness is an ongoing process, not just a last-minute scramble. By developing a comprehensive hurricane plan, taking proactive measures to protect your boat, and staying informed about weather conditions, you can significantly reduce the risk of damage and protect your investment. Remember, early preparation and decisive action are your best defenses against the destructive forces of a hurricane.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Here are some commonly asked questions about protecting your boat during a hurricane:
FAQ 1: How early should I start preparing my boat for a hurricane?
As soon as a hurricane watch is issued for your area, you should begin implementing your hurricane plan. Don’t wait until the last minute, as conditions can deteriorate rapidly. Ideally, preparations should start well before hurricane season, ensuring your plan is in place and supplies are readily available.
FAQ 2: Is it better to leave my boat in the water or haul it out?
This depends on several factors, including the size and type of your boat, the location of your marina, and the availability of haul-out facilities. Hauling out is generally considered safer, but in-water strategies can be effective if implemented correctly. Consult with experienced boaters and marina staff to determine the best option for your situation.
FAQ 3: What type of lines should I use for hurricane moorings?
Use high-quality, heavy-duty nylon or polyester lines specifically designed for mooring. These lines are strong, durable, and resistant to abrasion. Avoid using old or worn-out lines, as they may not be able to withstand the stress of a hurricane. Consider using three-strand nylon for its elasticity.
FAQ 4: How much slack should I leave in my mooring lines?
Leave enough slack to allow the boat to rise with the storm surge, but not so much that it can collide with nearby objects. A general rule of thumb is to leave at least half the expected surge height in your lines.
FAQ 5: What is the best way to protect my boat from debris?
Remove any loose items from your boat that could become projectiles. If possible, move your boat to a sheltered location away from trees, buildings, and other potential sources of debris. Consider using fenders and chafe gear to protect your hull from damage.
FAQ 6: How do I protect my boat’s electronics during a hurricane?
Remove all portable electronics from your boat and store them in a safe, dry place. For permanently installed electronics, cover them with waterproof material and disconnect the power supply.
FAQ 7: What should I do with my boat’s sails during a hurricane?
Always remove sails from your boat during a hurricane. Even if they are properly stowed, they can be damaged by high winds and rain. Store your sails in a secure, dry location away from the boat.
FAQ 8: How can I strengthen my boat’s dock lines?
Use chafe gear at all points where dock lines rub against the boat or dock. Double or triple the number of dock lines, distributing the load evenly. Install spring lines to prevent the boat from surging forward or backward.
FAQ 9: What kind of insurance coverage should I have for hurricane damage?
Ensure your boat insurance policy covers hurricane damage and includes provisions for salvage, towing, and repairs. Review your policy carefully to understand your coverage limits and deductible. Consider supplemental hurricane coverage if necessary.
FAQ 10: What are the key differences between a hurricane watch and a hurricane warning?
A hurricane watch means that hurricane conditions are possible in the specified area, typically within 48 hours. A hurricane warning means that hurricane conditions are expected in the specified area, typically within 36 hours. A watch is a call to prepare, a warning is a call to action.
FAQ 11: If I can’t haul my boat out, what’s the next best option?
If hauling out isn’t feasible, securing your boat in a designated hurricane mooring field or a well-protected marina with robust infrastructure is the next best option. Ensure the marina has a comprehensive hurricane plan and that you follow all their guidelines.
FAQ 12: After the hurricane, what should I do before getting back on my boat?
Thoroughly inspect your boat for any damage, both above and below the waterline. Check the hull, rigging, engine, and electrical systems. Be cautious of any hazards, such as downed power lines or contaminated water. Don’t return to the boat until authorities have declared it safe to do so. Contact your insurance company to file a claim if necessary.