How to Safely Handle a Shark When You Catch It: A Guide for Anglers
Learning how to handle a shark when you catch it responsibly is crucial for both your safety and the shark’s survival; the best approach is generally to prioritize quick release with minimal stress.
Introduction: Responsible Shark Handling
Encountering a shark while fishing can be an exhilarating experience, but it also carries significant responsibility. Whether you’re targeting sharks specifically or accidentally hooking one, understanding how do you handle a shark when you catch it ethically and safely is paramount. This guide provides comprehensive information on best practices to ensure the well-being of both the angler and the shark. We’ll cover everything from identification to gear selection, handling techniques, and release procedures. Ultimately, our goal is to promote responsible angling and conservation efforts.
Identifying the Shark Species
Before attempting to handle any shark, accurate identification is key. Different species have varying levels of danger and some are protected. Resources such as field guides, online databases, and smartphone apps (like Fishbrain or iNaturalist) can be incredibly helpful. Familiarize yourself with common shark species in your fishing area.
- Size and Shape: Note the overall body shape, fin shapes (especially dorsal and caudal fins), and the presence or absence of features like a ridge between the dorsal fins.
- Coloration and Markings: Observe the shark’s color pattern and any unique markings, such as spots, stripes, or blotches.
- Teeth: If possible, and only if safe to do so without stressing the animal, observe the teeth shape. Note however, approaching the sharkâs mouth is highly dangerous, even after the shark has been caught.
Essential Gear for Safe Handling
Using the right gear is vital for both your safety and the shark’s well-being. Essential items include:
- Heavy-Duty Tackle: Use rods, reels, and lines designed to handle the size and strength of sharks.
- Long-Handled Tools: A long-handled dehooker, bolt cutters, and pliers are essential for removing hooks from a safe distance.
- Gloves: While not always necessary, heavy-duty gloves can offer some protection. Use with caution.
- Wire Leaders: Sharks have sharp teeth; wire leaders are crucial to prevent bite-offs.
- First Aid Kit: Always have a well-stocked first aid kit on board for any potential injuries.
The Proper Approach After Hooking
Once a shark is hooked, the following steps should be taken:
- Control the Fight: Subdue the shark as quickly as possible to minimize stress.
- Bring the Shark Alongside: Slowly reel the shark in, keeping it near the boat (or shoreline) if fishing from the land.
- Identify the Species: Double-check the shark’s identification.
- Prepare for Dehooking: Have your tools ready and plan your approach carefully.
Dehooking Techniques: Prioritizing Shark Safety
The primary goal is to remove the hook as quickly and efficiently as possible, minimizing stress to the shark.
- Long-Handled Dehooker: This is the safest option. Insert the dehooker into the shark’s mouth, push down on the hook, and twist to dislodge it.
- Bolt Cutters: If the hook is deeply embedded or inaccessible, use bolt cutters to cut the hook as close to the shark’s mouth as possible. Leaving a small portion of the hook embedded is often preferable to causing excessive trauma.
- Pliers: Use long-handled pliers to carefully remove the hook if it’s easily accessible.
Important Considerations:
- Avoid Lifting the Shark: Never lift a shark out of the water unless absolutely necessary (e.g., if required by regulations). This can cause internal injuries due to the lack of support for their organs.
- Keep the Gills Wet: If the shark is out of the water, keep its gills wet by splashing water over them.
- Work Quickly and Calmly: Sharks are sensitive to stress. Minimize handling time and work efficiently.
Alternative: Cutting the Line
In some cases, especially if the shark is large or the hook is deeply embedded, cutting the line as close to the hook as possible may be the best option. Many hooks will eventually corrode and fall out, and this minimizes handling stress. Be sure to use heavy-duty cutters and prioritize your safety.
Releasing the Shark: Ensuring Survival
A proper release is critical for the shark’s survival.
- Gently Guide the Shark: Once the hook is removed (or the line is cut), gently guide the shark away from the boat.
- Observe: Watch the shark to ensure it swims off strongly and without distress.
- Report Tagged Sharks: If the shark is tagged, record the tag number and report it to the appropriate agency (e.g., NOAA).
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Delaying Release: Prolonged fight times and handling significantly increase stress and decrease the shark’s chances of survival.
- Lifting the Shark Out of the Water: As mentioned earlier, this can cause severe internal injuries.
- Ignoring Local Regulations: Always be aware of and comply with all local fishing regulations.
- Ignoring Weather Conditions: Rough seas can make handling more dangerous.
Regulations and Conservation Efforts
Many shark species are protected or subject to strict fishing regulations. Understanding and adhering to these regulations is essential for responsible angling. Organizations like NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) and various state agencies provide detailed information on fishing regulations, conservation efforts, and reporting requirements. Support responsible fishing practices and contribute to data collection efforts to help protect these important animals.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is the best way to subdue a shark quickly?
The most effective way to subdue a shark quickly is to use heavy-duty tackle appropriate for the size of the shark you’re likely to encounter. Proper drag settings on your reel are also crucial. Maintaining consistent pressure and avoiding sudden jerks will tire the shark out faster.
How can I tell if a shark is too stressed to release?
Signs of a stressed shark include heavy breathing, lethargy, lack of movement, and a pale coloration. If a shark exhibits these symptoms, it’s important to revive it before releasing it. Gently moving the shark forward to encourage water flow over the gills can help.
Is it safe to touch a shark’s skin?
While a shark’s skin might feel rough (due to dermal denticles), it’s generally safe to touch it briefly. However, it’s best to avoid prolonged contact, as this can remove their protective slime layer, increasing their risk of infection. Also, never touch a shark near its mouth.
What should I do if a shark bites me?
If a shark bites you, seek immediate medical attention. Control the bleeding by applying direct pressure to the wound. Report the incident to local authorities and NOAA.
Can I use a lip gaff on a shark?
Using a lip gaff on a shark is highly discouraged. It can cause serious injury and is generally considered inhumane. Focus on using long-handled dehookers or cutting the line.
What if the hook is swallowed deep down?
If the hook is swallowed deep down, do not attempt to remove it. Cut the line as close to the shark’s mouth as possible. The hook will likely corrode and fall out over time.
How do I revive a shark that appears unresponsive after a fight?
To revive an unresponsive shark, gently hold it in the water with its mouth open, allowing water to flow over its gills. Gently move the shark forward to help force water through its respiratory system. Continue this process until the shark shows signs of recovery, such as fin movement or increased gill activity.
Are circle hooks better than J-hooks for shark fishing?
Circle hooks are generally considered better for shark fishing because they are more likely to hook in the corner of the mouth, making for easier and safer removal. They also reduce the likelihood of deep hooking, which can be fatal to the shark.
What are the legal regulations regarding shark fishing in my area?
Regulations vary widely by location. Consult your local fishing authority (e.g., NOAA Fisheries, state fish and wildlife agency) for specific regulations, including size limits, species restrictions, and gear requirements. Always adhere to these regulations to ensure sustainable fishing practices.
How can I contribute to shark conservation efforts?
You can contribute to shark conservation by practicing catch-and-release fishing, reporting tagged sharks, supporting organizations dedicated to shark research and conservation, and advocating for responsible fishing policies.
What is the best time of day to fish for sharks?
Shark activity often peaks during dawn and dusk. However, this can vary depending on the species, location, and environmental conditions.
Is it ethical to target sharks for sport fishing?
Whether targeting sharks for sport fishing is ethical is a complex question with varying viewpoints. Ultimately, prioritizing responsible handling, minimizing stress, adhering to regulations, and supporting conservation efforts are crucial if engaging in shark fishing. If how do you handle a shark when you catch it, with those core tenets in mind, then the ethicality of the action is increased.